Muscle and heart biochem.txt

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What is the function of ANT?
- Send one ATP out of the mitochondria and bring in one ADP into the mitochondria
- It is an antiport.
Where is CK generally bound?

M-band of sarcomere
Describe general cycle to produce Cr-P:
- ANT sends ATP to Inner mitochondrial space (IMS)
- Porin Bring Cr into IMS
- CK + ATP = Cr-P sent out of Porin and ADP sent back to IMM through ANT
What is the role of AMPK?
- Inhibit anabolic pathways that consume ATP
- Activate catabolic pathways that produce ATP
What is the pasteur effect?

increased rate of glucose metabolism during anaerobic conditions
Where is glycogen located in the sarcomere?

around the I-band
How many ATP from glucose and glycogen during anaerobic glycolysis?
- Glucose = 2 ATP
- Glycogen = 3 ATP
What are the four molecules that activate glycogen phosphorylase?
- ATP - offer one P (or use AMP or AMPK - glycogen phosphorylase)
- Epinephrine
- P_i
- Calcium - phosphorylase kinase
What is McArdle disease?
- lack of glycogen phosphorylase = no G6P = lack of glucose from glycogen
- They need a high carb diet to use dietary glucose before exercising
What is the name of the Lactate shuttle in muscles?

MCT1
How does AMPK accelerate B-oxidation?

It inhibits ACC2 (this produces isoforms of malonyl CoA which block B-oxidation)
What three molecules are accumulated upon AMP degradation?
- P_i
- NH₃ (PFK-1 activator through Higher pH)
- Adenosine (vasodilator)
What are the three substrates the heart uses for fuel?
- Glucose
- Fatty Acids
- Lactate
What happens to lactate and B-oxidation during intense exercise?
- Lactate goes up
- B-oxidation goes down b/c carnitine shuttle is stopped

Author:	kepling
ID:	47408
Card Set:	Muscle and heart biochem.txt
Updated:	2010-11-05 00:00:48
Tags:	Muscle heart biochem
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Description:	Muscle and heart biochem
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