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Deoxyribonucleotides are formed by the reduction of ______ ______
Ribonucleoside diphosphates
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All deoxyribonucleotides are synthesized from ribonucleotides by the enzyme _______ ___________.
Ribonucleotide reductase
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The enzyme ribonucleotide is highly _____.
Regulated
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Deoxythymidylate is formed by the ___________ of deoxyuridine-5-monophosphate
methylation
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UMP is the precursor for all the _______ nucleotides
pyrimidine
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Pyrimidine nucleotides are degraded to __________.
B-amino acids
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When nucleotides are converted to nucleosides the end products are ______ and ________.
Uracil and thymine (Uracil turns into B-alanine) (Thymine turns into B-aminoisobutyrate)
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Nucleotide function in coenzyme synthesis ___ ____ and
____
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Name for NAD
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
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FAD
Flavin Adenine dinucleotide
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FAD precursor is _____
Riboflavin
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CoA precursor is ______
Pantothenate
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PRPP is the key molecule in ___ ___ synthesis of purine and pyrmidine nucleotides, ______ of purine pyrimidine bases, and synthesis of ____.
- de novo synthesis
- Salvage
- NAD+
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dUMP can be converted to dTMP using ________ _________.
Thymidylate synthase
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Thymidylate synthase is an enzyme targeted by anti cancer drugs such as _____.
5-fluroucracil
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Regerneration of THF from DHF requires _________ ________, an enzyme targeted by the drug __________.
- dihydrofolate reductase
- methotrexate
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Fluorouracil is a ______ inhibitor meaning it is a noncompetitive antagonist.
Suicide
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examples of purine analogs are
6-mercaptopurine and acycloguanosine
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Pyrimidine analogs
- 5-fluorouracil
- cytosine arabinoside
- AZT
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Acyclovir is a _____ analog and AZT is a ________ analog are used in the treatment of HSV and HIV.
Purine, pyrimidine
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