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sweetpea281
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what are the five functions of primary teeth?
- aesthetics
- mastication
- speech
- placeholders
- primate spaces
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what are primary teeth place holders for?
succedaneous teeth
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where are the primate spaces on the mandible?
between the primary canine and the 1st primary premolar
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where is the primate space on the maxilla?
between primary canine and primary lateral
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why is it important to educate the caregiver about the value of primary teeth?
- to prevent premature tooth loss
- prevent baby bottle mouth
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what is baby bottle mouth
teeth are black ground down to gums
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when should the 1st dental visit be fore a child
before 12 months- primary goal is to educate caregiver
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what are three important things to know about primary dentition?
- enamel and dentin thinner
- pulp chambers larger
- early aggressive periodontitis
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where will bone loss be seen with early aggressive periodontitis?
around lower anterior incisors and mandibular 1st molars of primary and permanent dentition
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what is a sign of early aggressive periodontitis?
severe gingivities
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why is it important to know that the pulp chambers are larger?
more pulp exposure with restorations and may need endo more
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how many phases of arch development are there?
5
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which teeth erupt in phase 1 of arch development?
- eruption of permanent 1st molars
- permanent incisors
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what two things are enhanced during phase 1 of arch development?
- chewing efficiency
- jaw stability
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during phase 1 of arch development ______ ______ remain to allow for future perm teeth
primate spaces
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which teeth are shed during phase 1 of arch development?
primary incisors
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what teeth erupt during phase 2 of arch development?
permanent anterior teeth (centrals first then laterals
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t/f the permanent location of anterior teeth is not established until the arch is fully developed?
true
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when does phase 3 begin?
when the premolars erupt
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what is the difference in size m-d between primary molars and perm premolars called?
leeway space
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what is the purpose of the leeway space?
allows for future movement of the molars
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what is required to preserve the space if perm 2nd molars erupt prior to premolars or if a primary molar is lost prematurely?
space maintainer
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when does phase 4 of arch development begin?
when canines wedge between lateral incisors and first premolars
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what space helps for the eruption of the canines?
leeway space and primate space
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when is the contact relation between teeth established?
phase 4
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what teeth erupt during phase 4 to support 1st molars during wedging process?
2nd molars
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at the end of phase 4 the arch is complete from the _____ _____ forward
1st molar
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what is the final phase in arch development?
phase 5
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what does phase 5 consist of?
eruption of third molars
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what stage can be missing from some peoples arch development?
phase 5
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_______ of the teeth contribute to the maintenance of the teeth within the dental arch.
curvatures
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what curve is produced by the curved alignment of all the teeth, the maxillary arch is convex and the mandibular arch is concave.
curve of spee
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what is a concave curve that results when a frontal section is taken through each set of both maxillary and mandibular molars, firsts, seconds and thirds.
curve of wilson
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what are three curvature functions?
- preventing dental disease
- dispersing occlusal trauma
- protecting gingiva
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what is the life expectancy associated with curvature functions?
the longer you have your teeth the longer your life will be
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what two things are prevented by proximal contact areas
- food impaction
- bacteria and debris build up
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t/f the proximal contact area anchors teeth. preserves bone support.
both true
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proximal contact areas resist ______ ______
traumatic forces
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where are the contact points?
on the occlusal surface of the teeth, where the two arches come together
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where is the contact on anterior teeth?
incisal third
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where is the contact on the posterior teeth?
middle third or more cervical
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_____ _____ distal contact is at the center of the middle third
maxillary canine
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the _______ ______ goes from the buccal to lingual surface
interproximal space
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where is the interdental space?
between and around roots
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______ ______ is the supporting bone area
interdental space
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what are gingival or cervical embrasures?
interdental papilla is missing
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where are the interdental papilla?
triangular shaped spaces between teeth
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how are embrasures named?
based on the location relative to the contact area...buccal, lingual
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what are the spaces between the teeth that are occlusal to the contact areas?
dental embrasures
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what are the purposes of embrasures (4)?
- prevent food impaction
- dissipate occlusal forces
- self cleansing
- stimulates gums
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how are embrasures self cleansing?
because they shunt food away
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where is the curvature of the CEJ more curved and steep?
anterior maxillary teeth
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t/f the curvature of the CEJ gets flatter on posterior teeth
true
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t/f curvature of CEJ and cervical line are the the same thing?
true
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what is the reason for the more curved and steep CEJ on maxillary anterior teeth?
attach to bone and gives them more support
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what are the 5 self cleaning tendencies of teeth?
- enamel
- crown shape
- tooth shapes
- tongue and cheek
- pits and fissures
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how is enamel self cleaning?
smooth and slippery
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how does the crown shape help with self cleaning?
deflects food
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how does the tooth shape for incisors, canines and premolars help with self cleaning
- incisors-shovel push food off tooth
- canines-spear to pierce and wedge
- premolars-chewing surface one cusp spears and the other chews it
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how is the tongue and cheek help with self cleansing?
move food around
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how are pits and fissures self cleaning
where food goes and gets washed away with saliva
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t/f food is softer now and we don't use our pits and fissures as much.
true
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t/f if food is hard it grinds down the teeth
true
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how does the curvatures help protect the periodontium? (4)
- contours deflect food
- prevents food impaction
- promotes gingival stimulation
- undercontoured tooth better than overcontoured tooth
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why is a undercontoured tooth better than an overcontoured tooth?
cause gingival irritation (overhang) and will cause gum recession and bone loss
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