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The essential to all life
Energy
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What is energy?
The esssential to all life
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In order to survive all living organisms must be able to?
- Produce Energy
- Store Energy
- Use Energy
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One principle chemical compound that living things use to store energy?
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
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What is ATP?
One of the principle chemical compounds that living things use to store energy.
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What is the formula for photosynthesis?
6CO2+6H2O+Energy ------>C6H12O6+6O2
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What is a charged molecule?
When phosphates have a negative charge; as a result the repel each other.
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The bonding of __________ requires ___________.
phosphates; large amounts of energy
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AMP
- adenosine monophosphate
- one phosophate
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ADP
- adenosine diphosphate
- two phosphate
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When does energy from an ATP molecule become availble?
When a phosphate breaks off
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Can ATP reform after being broken down into ADP?
Yes
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Cellular proteins have a specific site where ATP can bind, which allows the cell to use energy for activites such as?
- Making Proteins
- Active cellular transport
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What are three uses of cell energy?
- Maintaining Homeostasis
- Cell repair
- Building Molecules
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What provides the body with the most energy?
Lipids
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What are enzymes?
Biological catalysts; proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions.
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Enzymes help maintain what?
Homeostasis
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What is homeostasis?
A stable internal environment
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The chemical reactions in organisms would not proceed at a rate sufficent for __________ if it were not for enzymes.
life
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What do all chemical reactions need?
Activation energy
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What is activation energy?
The energy needed to start a chemical reaction
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Enzymes _____________the amount of activation energy needed to start a reaction.
reduce
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By lowering the activation energy______.
reactions can occur quickly
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What are the three factors that affect an enzyme's activity?
- Tempurature
- pH level
- Enzyme and Substrate Concentration (the higher the concentration, the higher the speed)
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Enzymes are specific which means?
They are involved in one action
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What are common uses of enzymes in the home?
- Cleaning products
- Laundry detergents
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What is a substrate?
A substance on which an enzymes acts upon during a chemical reaction.
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How does a chemical reaction work? (List the three steps)
- A substrate dinds to the enzyme's active site; enzyme changes shape changes slightly
- Bonds loosen and activation energy decreases
- Product forms and the enzyme can help out another reaction
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