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4 functions of Urinary system
- Helps regulate BP
- Acid-base balance
- Homeostatsis of fluid volume
- Filters blood, excretes waste
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Macroscopic structures of kidney
- Kidney is bean shaped
- Located in Retroperitoneal space
- Held in place by Gerotas capsule
- Protected by fat and renal capsule
- 2 sections Renal Cortex and Renal Medulla
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Microscopic structures of kidney
- located at border
- Nephrons - Bowmans and Glomerulus
- Calyces
- Renal Spaces
- Ducts for routing urine
- Renal Pelvis
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4 layers of Urters
- Muscosa - Mucous Layer
- Submucosa - Vsacular Layer
- Muscularis - Smooth Muscle Layer
- Serous - Parietal Peritoneum
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4 layers of Urinary Bladder
- Muscosa - Muscous Layer
- Submucosa - Vascular layer
- Detrusor - Smoothe Muscle Layer
- Serous - Parietal Peritoneum
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What layer does Peristalsis occur
Muscularis/Detrusor
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Male Urethra
- 8 in long
- Below prostate gland
- Runs thru prostate
- Easier to control
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Female Urethra
- 1 1/2 - 2 in long
- Embedded in vagina
- Near opening of the meatus
- Harder to control
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Normal pathway of urine
- Artery to Cortex
- Nephron
- Renal Medulla
- Calyces
- Tubules
- Sinuses
- Renal Pelvis
- Ureter
- Bladder
- Urinary Sphincter
- Urethera
- Urinary Meatus
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Normal Constituents of urine
- Urea
- Creatine Salts
- Hydrogen Ion
- Uric Acid
- Pigments
- Meatbolic Wastes
- Normal Bacteria
- Nicitric Acid
- Hormones
- Toxins
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Abnormal Constituents of urine
- RBC
- WBC
- Albumin
- Pus
- Too much bacteria
- Glucose
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Excretory Systems
- Respitory - Lungs
- Integumentary - Skin
- Digestive - GI Tract
- Urinary - Urine
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Renal Capsule
Protective fibrous layer surrounding the kidney
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Renal Cortex
Outter portion of kidney
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Renal Medulla
Inner portion of Kidney, 2 parts
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Renal Pyramid
Triangler divisions of medulla of kidney
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Renal Papilla
Narrow, innermost part of renal pyramid
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Minor Calyx
A division of the renal pelvis
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Renal Artery
Brings blood to kidney, 20% of blood pumped by heart goes to kidney for filteration by aorta
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Renal Vein
Return of blood back to the heart by Verna Cava
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Renal Pelvis
Basin like upper end of the ureter located in the kidney
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Ureter
Tubes that carries urine from the kidney to bladder
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Genral function of Digestive system
Digestion/breakdown of macroscopic food, or microscopic nutrients for cells
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Enzyme
Protein that acts as a catalyst for cellur process
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Absorption
Intake of substance through membranes
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Digestion
Breakdown of foods to simple molecules
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Peritoneum
Serous membrane that lines abdominal pelvic cavity. Largest in the body
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Omentum
Fold of peritoneum and fat
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Mesentery
- Fold of peritoneum that attachs organs to posterior wall
- Web-like
- Brings blood and lymph fluids to organs
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Bolus
Soft chewed mass ready to be swallowed
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Sphincter
Circular muscle that closes off tubular structure
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Chyme
Partially digested food and chemicals in the stomach/intestine
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Rugae
Fold of mucosa for stretchability
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Peristalsis
Wave like motion of smooth muscle
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