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jackiedh
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what is the most common oral lining mucosa: (keratinized or non-keratinized?)
NON-keratinized
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buccal and labial mucosa
alveolar mucosa
floor of the mouth
ventral surface of the tongue
soft palate
these all fall into the category of ________ mucosa, _________ mucosa
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what are 4 clinical considerations of the oral mucosa lining mucosa?
- sutures
- fordyce's spots/granules
- easier to inject
- infections spread quickly
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what are fordyce's spots/granules?
misplaced sebaceous glands-yellow, very common
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rubbery surface texture is _________ mucosa
masticatory
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T/F masticatory mucosa is resilient
True
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what are the three parts of the mouth that are masticatory mucosa?
- attached gingiva
- hard palate
- dorsal surface of the tongue
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T/F masticatory mucosa can be orthokeratinized or parakeratinized
why yes it can!
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what is the least common in the oral cavity? masticatory mucosa __________
orthokeratinized
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if a cell is orthokeratinized, what does that mean?
it has no nuclei
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what protects against physical, chemical microbial attack?
orthokeratinized (masticatory mucosa)
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what protects from dehydration and heat loss?
orthokeratinized (masticatory mucosa)
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what color is an orthokeratinized cell?
white
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parakeratinized means what?
the cell has a nuclei
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what type of cell is associated with higher level of attached gingiva?
parakeratinized (masticatory mucosa)
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what has special protection against bacterial invasion, mechanical irritation, dryness?
masticatory mucosa parakeratinized
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name three clinical considerations of masticatory mucosa:
- sutures RARELY needed
- injections DIFFICULT (not deep, harder)
- LONGER healing time (24 days)
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what are the two types of hyperkeratinization?
- non-keratinized
- keratinized
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hyperkeratinization, non-keratinized may transform into _________ in response to trauma
keratinized
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name 2 examples of hyperkeratinized non-keratinized responses to trauma:
- linea alba
- masticatory habits
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hyperkeratinization, keratinized is occurring in response to _________ trauma
chemical
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heat from smoking or hot fluids is what keratinization?
hyperkeratinization
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can hyperkeratinization, keratinized be reversed if trauma is removed?
yes sir!
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somatitis if referred to:
smoking
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what mucosa is found on the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the tongue along with papilla?
specialized mucosa
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inner lips and cheeks are what type of mucosa?
labial and buccal
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labial/buccal mucosa is extremely _________, opaque ________, shiny, and moist.
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T/F labial/buccal mucosa is compressible (adipose tissue) and stretches easily
true
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________ and ________ mucosa function as ____ unit
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what mucosa lines the vestibules of the oral cavity?
alveolar mucosa
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what type of attachment is alveolar mucosa?
loose attachment
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the floor of the mouth and ________ _________ function as one unit
ventral tongue
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the floor of the mouth and ventral tongue have ______ tissue, _______-________ in color, moist and shiny, and ________
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attached gingiva is part of the ____________ junction
mucogingival
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what is opaque pink with pigmentation and stippled?
attached gingiva
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what is pink, firm, and IMMOBILE?
hard palate
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the medial portion is firmer than the lateral on the hard palate because of the ________ ________ _________
median palatine suture
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three clinical considerations with keratinization:
- tissue grafting
- free gingival graft
- subepithelial connective tissue graft
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the subepithelial ct graft is from the _________ ________, creates more cells. more ________, has a base layer and repairs _______
- lamina propria
- vascular
- nestle QUICK
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what part of the tongue is tightly packed striated muscle bundles with little adipose tissue?
anterior 2/3
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which part of the tongue is less mobile, bulkier, and has less adipose tissue?
posterior 1/3
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what are the 2 mucosal layers on the dorsal surface of the tongue?
- masticatory mucosa
- specialized mucosa
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the specialized mucosa of the dorsal tongue is:
tongue papilla
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the masticatory mucosa of the dorsal tongue covers the _________ __________
muscle tissue
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T/F the taste bud cells are associated with fungiform, foliate, circumvallate, and filiform papilla.
FALSE!!!!! NOT FILIFORM
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there is a ________ turnover time for taste bud cells
muy muy RAPIDo!
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what are the 4 fundamental taste sensations?
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where on the tongue are the taste sensations?
CENTRAL PORTION
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taste cells transmit ________
taste!
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what is a taste pore?
opening to the taste bud
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which part of the tongue is supporting?
outer portion
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which is the most common of the papilla of the tongue?
FILIFORM papilla
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filiform papilla is located on the ________ surface of the tongue
dorsal
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what is the shape of filiform papilla? what do they help do?
fine pointed cones-towards pharynx to help shunt food.
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filiform papilla are ___-___mm
2-3mm
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what kind of texture do filiform papilla have?
velvety
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increased keratin of filiform papilla = _________ (color)
white
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T/F filiform papilla are NOT taste buds
TRUE this time!
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what is the function of filiform papilla?
to guide the food back into the pharynx
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which papilla are LESS common?
fungiform papilla
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the fungiform papilla are located on the ________ of the tongue, not near the _______ _______
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what shape are fungiform papilla?
mushroom
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fungiform papilla are ____mm
1 mm
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the color of fungiform papilla are _______ dots, meaning highly _______
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the function of fungiform papilla is ________ ________
taste (the rainbow!) sensation
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foliate papilla are like _____ or ______
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foliate papilla are located on the _________ ________ portion of the tongue
posterior lateral
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there are _____-_____ vertical ridges of foliate papilla
4-11
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foliate papilla are ______ shaped
leaf
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taste buds are located on the ________ ________ of foliate papilla
lateral portion
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do you get to taste (the rainbow) with foliate papilla?
yes! (only if you eat skittles)
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there are _____-_____ circumvallate papilla on the tongue
7-15
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the location of circumvallate papilla are located just _______ to the ______ ________; inverted ___ shaped row facing the pharynx
- anterior
- sulcus terminalis
- V
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what are the shape of circumvallate papilla?
mushroom shaped
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what salivary glands are located in the circumvallate papilla?
Von Ebners
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T/F there is a circular trough/trench in the circumvallate papilla to keep the taste buds hydrated at all times.
FALSE! to keep the taste buds CLEANED OUT!
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are circumvallate papilla used for taste?
yep!
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what are the clinical considerations of the tongue?
- geographic tongue
- black hairy tongue
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the location of geographic tongue appears on the ________ _______
dorsal surface
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what is the color of geographic tongue?
red to paler pink to white paches
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what is the cause of geographic tongue?
changes in FILIFORM papilla (going from parakeratinized-red to orthokeratinized-white)
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sore, burning, trauma, hereditary, may not have symptoms are:
geographic tongue
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what is the treatment for geographic tongue?
haha, there isn't any. it is non-pathologic
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what is black hairy tongue?
the lack of shedding, use tongue scraper, brush tongue. it is caused by meds, coffee, and smoking. GROSS!
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black hairy tongue is present on the _______ surface of the tongue
dorsal
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normal shedding of _________ does not occur with black hairy tongue
FILIFORM
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there will be fungal overgrowth due to high doses of _______ or ________ with black hairy tongue
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what does black hairy tongue look like?
thick layer of dead cells and keratin-extrinsically stained by tobacco, meds, oral chromogenic bacteria
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what are clinical considerations of mucosa turnover time?
- healing varies in tissue types
- aging is considered (older = slower)
- delay biopsy or referral for 2 weeks
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