DentMorph

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  1. What are the 3 resounding characteristics of dental anomalies?
    • Absences
    • Excesses
    • Deformities
  2. What are the four morphological stages of development of teeth?
    •1. Bud Stage

    •2. Cap Stage

    •3. Bell Stage

    •4. Root Development
  3. What are the five Physiologic
    Stages of Development of Teeth?
    • I. Initiation
    • II. Proliferation
    • III. Histodifferentiation
    • IV. Morphodifferentiation
    • V. Apposition
  4. Characteristics of the "Initiation" stage...
    Dental Lamina or Bud Stage

    • Affects the presence or absence
    • of tooth buds
  5. Characteristics of the "Proliferation" stage...
    Bud, Cap, Bell Stage

    • Affects size and proportions of
    • tooth
  6. Characteristics of "Histodifferentiation" stage...
    • Advanced cap stage thru bell
    • stage

    • Involves formation of
    • enamel/dentin cells
  7. Characteristics of "Morphodifferentiation" stage...
    During bud, cap, bell stages

    Shape and size of tooth affected

    • No effect on enamel/dentin
    • formation
  8. Characterization of "Apposition" stage...
    • Bell stage thru completion of
    • root
  9. What are some etiologies of dental anomalies?
    A.Hereditary

    B.Metabolic Disturbances

    C. Developmental Disturbances

    • note: Permanent dentition most effected
    • rather than deciduous
  10. In which stage of development do we see abnormal numbers of teeth (ie: anondontia & supernumerary teeth) develop?
    • Initiation stage.
    • Note: no buds in lamina (anondontia) or extra buds in lamina (supernumerary)
  11. What is anondontia?
    Lack of teeth.
  12. True or false: In total anondontia, most primary teeth are present, but fewer permanent teeth develop.
    True.
  13. Characteristics of total anondontia?
    • Extremely rare, sex-linked genetic trait
    • An ectodermal defect, including hair and sweat glands
  14. True or false: Partial anondontia prevents the initiation of tooth bids of affected teeth?
    • True.
    • note: partial anondontia is one or few missing teeth, caused by hereditary factors.
  15. List in order the teeth that are most subject to anondontia.
    a.Maxillary/Mandibular 3rd molars

    b.Maxillary Lateral Incisors

    c.Mandibular 2nd Premolar

    d.Rare in deciduous teeth- Mandibular Central Incisors
  16. What do "Mesiodens" and "Distodens" mean, respectively?
    • Mesiodens: supernumerary teeth between max central incisors
    • Distodens: supernumerary teeth distal to 3rd molars
  17. True or False: Supernumerary teeth are not morphologically accurate.
    False. The extra teeth are normal in morphological respects.
  18. True or False: Supernumerary teeth are most common in the premolar area.
    False. Supernumerary teeth are less likely in the premolar area. Mesiodens (between max and central incisors) and distodens (extras distal to 3rd molars) were emphasized in class.
  19. If there's an abnormal size of teeth, in what stage is the disturbance most likely occuring?
    Morphodifferentiation or bell stage
  20. Which teeth most commonly exhibit macrodontia?
    Incisors, canines, mand 3rds
  21. Which teeth most commonly exhibit microdontia?
    Max lateral incisors ("peg lateral") & max 3rd molars
  22. If there's an abnormal shape of teeth, in what stage is the disturbance most likely occuring?
    Morphodifferentiation and Appositional stages
  23. What's the etiology of abnormally shaped teeth?
    Hereditary or developmental disturbances like trauma or fever
  24. What do we call the incomplete splitting of a single tooth germ (bifurcation of crown with single enlarged pulp chamber)? ... other than "totally jacked"...
    "Gemination"

    think: 2 crowns and a common root
  25. What is "twinning"?
    • It's on the "gemination" continuum: if
    • splitting is complete, you have an extra tooth in the mouth. This is called TWINNING
  26. When there's fusion of teeth, is enamel or dentin (or both) united?
    • Fusion: Two teeth united enamel and dentin.
    • Sometimes there is pulpal involvement as well.

    *note: Unknown etiology- either hereditary or possible trauma resulting in pressure which closed the gap between 2 tooth buds

    • Usually involves anterior teeth
    • Results in one less tooth
  27. What's this disorder called: "Join
    when roots are in close proximity and excessive cementum deposition by one or both teeth"?
    Concrescence: union of teeth by cementum.
  28. True or false: "concrescence" occurs following eruption & usually involves permanent molars.
    True.
  29. "Taurodontism" sounds pretty daunting, eh? Yeah ... don't get too excited. Name some characteristics of this disorder.
    • Increase of crown at expense of root
    • Normal clinical and anatomic crown
    • Elongated body- enlarged pulp chamber without constriction of CEJ
    • Furcation and pulp chamber displaced apically which makes for a very short root
    • Results in increased dimension btwn CEJ and furcation
    • Hereditary
    • Affects Premolars and Molars
  30. This disorder describes a severe bend or distortion of a tooth root and/or crown & results in a distortion of crown and root from normal linear relationship. Name our disorder.
    • DILACERATION.
    • note: Displacement of partially formed tooth and continued development in original position
  31. What's the etiology of dilaceration?
    traumatic injury
  32. What's the disorder called when we see 'a tooth within a tooth'?
    DENS IN DENTE
  33. What's going on with the enamel organ, enamel, dentin, and lingual surface of the teeth in the anomalie "Dens in Dente"? Which teeth are most commonly affected by dens in dente?
    • Enamel organ becomes invaginated.
    • Normal enamel and dentin become reversed and form inside the tooth (pulp cavity)
    • Defect or pit at lingual surface of tooth

    Typically permanent max lat incisors
  34. One anomaly is a spherical nodule of enamel surrounding dentin attached to root surface of tooth, results form aberrant enamel deposition on the root, is usually found at the furcation of molars, and can prevent the normal connective tissue and consequently may cause perio issues. What is this anomalie?
    ENAMEL PEARL
  35. What's the difference between compound odontoma and complex odontoma? Remember that "odontoma" is the growth of calcified dental tissues, resulting from a disturbance in dental lamina by trauma or infection.
    • Compound Odontoma- calcified tissues of a tooth,
    • resembling a tooth

    • Complex Odontoma- mass of calcified dental
    • tissues without definitive dental form
  36. When you see "screwdriver shaped teeth", of which anomaly do you think?
    • HUTCHINSON'S INCISORS.
    • Well... you may not have thought it, but that's the correct answer.

    • Notes on this anomalie:
    • Etiology- Prenatal Syphilis, Treponema organism disturbs calcification of enamel during tooth formation

    Unusual incisor shapes

    Screwdriver shaped teeth, broad cervically, and narrowing incisally

    Notched incisal edge
  37. Also recognized as "the posterior counterpart of Hutchinson's Incisor", this anomalie features a molar cusp that's more centrally located than a normal molar and enamel that's gnarled in appearance. What is our mystery anomaly?
    MULBERRY MOLAR

    Etiology: prenatal syphilis. (Dammit Mom!!)
  38. What's the etiology of hypercementosis?
    Trauma, metabolic dysfunction or chronic inflammation of the pulp

    • *other notes:
    • Involves roots of permanent molars
    • Occurs after eruption
  39. In which stages/processes does "abnormal calcification" occur?
    Histodifferentiation & Appositional processes

    • Notes:
    • Effects enamel and dentin formation
    • Etiology- hereditary, systemic or local factors
  40. Name three enamel anomalies involving abnormal calcification.
    • Amelogenesis Imperfecta
    • Turner's Teeth
    • Fluorosis (mottled enamel)
  41. Name two dentin-related abnormal calcification misfortunes.
    • Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
    • Tetracycline staining
  42. Recite everything you know about "amelogenesis imperfecta".
    • If it was pretty quiet just then, try these five next time...
    • 1. Hereditary
    • 2. Ranges from complete absence
    • of enamel to enamel deposited, but not matured
    • 3. Rampant caries
    • 4. Excessive attrition
    • 5. Esthetic concerns
  43. What's the etiology of the enamel anomaly "Turner's Teeth"?
    Trauma injury to developing tooth follicle by infection or extraction of deciduous tooth

    Note: affects individual teeth
  44. If we see a patient with "chalky white bands present on crown of tooth which become pigmented in a brown or yellow fashion…looks mottled", we should be dishing out a diagnosis of ...
    • FLUOROSIS.
    • *other notes:
    • Etiology- intake of excessively high levels of fluoride ion during the enamel calcification period
    • Resistant to caries due to etiology
    • Esthetic concerns
  45. You notice in one of your patients a clinical
    appearance of opalescent crown which is bluish-brown in color, obliterated pulp chamber, and normal enough looking enamel but fractures
    easily due to lack of dentinal support. What diagnosis should you assign this person?
    DENTINOGENESIS IMPERFECTA

    • *other notes:
    • Hereditary
    • Disturbance in dentin formation
  46. What are some characteristics of tetracycline staining?
    • •1. Etiology- intake of tetracycline antibiotic either by mother during certain prenatal periods, or to infant
    • • 2. Causes intrinsic color change to the
    • dentin of teeth undergoing mineralization
    • • 3. Affects teeth that were undergoing
    • development at time of antibiotic therapy
    • • 4. Causes yellow or grayish cast on teeth affected
  47. What are three anomalies related to injury after FULL development of teeth?
    •Attrition

    •Abrasion

    •Erosion
  48. What is attrition? What is it also called?
    • •Wearing away of enamel and dentin due to movement of mandibular teeth against maxillary teeth.
    • •Either from normal function or grinding, also called bruxism
  49. What is abrasion? What common household item is usually the culprit?
    Wearing away of tooth structureby mechanical means, usually a hard toothbrush
  50. We see this anomaly commonly with patients who suffer from bulemia and also in patients who drink lots of carbonated drinks. One of our professors admitted to (inadvertently) doing this to himself by sucking on loads of lemons. When there's a lot of loss of tooth structure from chemical means, what is this called?
    EROSION

Card Set Information

Author:
 LeahS
ID:
 52313
Filename:
 DentMorph
Updated:
2010-11-30 03:13:38
Tags:
Tooth Anomalies
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Description:
Anomalies
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