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What is the function of the Longitudinal Fissure?
Separate the left and right hemispheres from eachother.
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What does the Frontal Lobe do?
Voluntary motor functions, motivation, foresight, planning, memory, mood, emotion, social judgement, aggression.
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What does the Parietal Lobe do?
Recieve and interpret signals for the general senses, taste and visual processing
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What does the Occipital Lobe do?
Principal visual center of the brain
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What does the Temporal Lobe do?
Hearing, smell, learning, memory and some aspects of vision and emotion
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Where is the Lateral Sulcus found?
On the temporal lobe
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Where is the Central Sulcus located?
Between the Parietal lobe and the Frontal lobe (between the postcentral gyrus and the precentral gyrus)
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What is the left hemisphere of the brain associated with?
Language and Reasoning
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What is the right hemisphere of the brain associated with?
Space and pattern preceptions, art, music and imagination
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What are gyri?
The bumps found on the brain
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What are sulci?
The grooves in the brain
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Where is the primary motor cortex?
It is in the precentral gyrus
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Where is the primary somatosensory cortex?
In the postcentral gyrus
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Where is the primary visual cortex generally located?
The occipital lobe
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Where is the primary auditory cortex generally located?
The temporal lobe
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What does the septum pellucidum divide?
The two lateral ventricles
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What does the interventricular foramina divide?
The two lateral ventricles and the 3rd ventricle
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What does the copora quadrigemina divide?
The third and fourth ventricles
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What does the mesencephalic aqueduct connect?
The third and fourth ventricles
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What does the corpus callosum do?
Facilitate communication between the two hemispheres
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What is the general pathway of the reflex arc?
Receptor -> Sensory Neuron -> Central Nervous System -> Motor Neuron -> Effector
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What occurs in a synapse?
Neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft to be recieved on the other side of the cleft to send the signal to the next neuron
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What is the difference between stretch reflexes and withdrawl reflexes?
Withdrawl reflexes involve interneurons besides sensory and motor neurons
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What is the patellar reflex? What happens when it is stimulated?
Results in extension of the knee joint
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What is the calcaneal tendon reflex and what happens when it is stimulated?
Results in plantar flexion of the foot. Tests the tibial nerve
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What is the blinking reflex and what happens when it is stimulated?
Flexes (closes) the eyelids. Keeps foregin particles out.
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What is the Plantar response/ Babinski reflexand what happens when it is stimulated?
Results in dorsiflexion of big toes. Not usually present in adults but seen in newborns.
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What are the biceps and triceps reflexes and what happens when they are stimulated?
Results in flexion and extension of the arm at the elbow joint.
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What are mechanoreceptors?
Respond to light touch (tactile corpuscles) and deep pressure (Lamellated corpuscles)
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What are thermoreceptors
They are associated with temperature changes
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What are nocireceptors?
Neurons that respond to pain
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What are rods? What do they allow us to do?
Allow us to see black and white and are more sensitive to light
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What are cones? What do they allow us to do?
Allows us to see color and work best in bright light.
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What are the 3 parts of the outer ear?
- Auricle
- External acoustic meatus
- Tympanic membrane
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What is the Auricle?
The fleshy part of your ear on the outside
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What is the external acoustic meatus?
The hole that sound goes through to get to your ear drum.
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What is the tympanic membrane?
The ear drum
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What are the 3 bones of the middle ear?
- Malleus = hammer
- Incus = anvil
- Stapes = stirrup
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What are the parts of the inner ear?
- Cochlea
- Semicircular canals
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What is the structural organization of the Nervous system?
- Central Nervous System
- Peripheral Nervous System
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What is the functional organization of the Nervous System?
- Sensory Nervous System
- Motor Nervous System
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What does the sensory nervous system do?
Transmit signals from the PNS to the CNS (input) (afferent)
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What are the two divisions of the Sensory Nervous System?
- Visceral Sensory Division
- Somatic Sensory Division
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What does the Motor Nervous system do?
Send signals from CNS to muscles and glands (output) (efferent)
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What are the two divisons of the Motor Nervous System?
- Somatic Motor System (SNS)
- Autonomic (ANS)
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What is a ganglia?
Swelling in the nerve body where cell bodies of neurons are concentrated
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What is a nerve?
A bundle of axons and connective tissues.
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What are axons on a neuron
The long tail (output)
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What are dendrites on a neuron
The parts closer to the body (input)
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