cirrhosis

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  1. The decreased serum oncotic pressure is caused by?
    decreased albumin production.
  2. Fluid sequestering in the peritoneal cavity results in ________ vascular volume. __________ blood return to the heart, and __________ cardiac output.
    decreased
  3. The change in CO results in decreased _______ ________ and secretion of ___________ and ________.
    • kidney perfusion
    • aldosterone
    • ADH
  4. Aldosterone and ADH increase _________ __________
    Fluid retention
  5. Retained fluid has low oncotic colloidal pressure, and it escapes into the interstitial spaces, causing _________ ______.
    peripheral edema
  6. Excessive fluid continues to be reabsorbed from the kidney because of the altered kidney perfusion and because __________ is not metabolized by the impaired liver.
    aldosterone
  7. The changes in laboratory test results that relate to ascites are?
    • hypoalbuminemia
    • hypokalemia
  8. Why does a pt with cirrhosis and ascites need bedrest?
    helps promote diuresis and fluid excretion
  9. Why does a pt with ascites need salt-poor albumin?
    increases plasma colloid osmotic pressure and maintains intravascular volume & kidney profusion.
  10. Why does a pt with ascites need diuretic therapy?
    increase fluid loss thru the kidneys & mobilize peritoneal fluid
  11. ____________ blocks effects of excess aldosterone.
    Spironalactone
  12. Why does a pt with ascites need low-sodium diet?
    decrease intake of fluid-retaining sodium
  13. Why does a pt with ascites need paracentesis?
    to relieve impaired respiration or pain of severe ascites
  14. Why does a pt with ascites need peritoneovenous shunts?
    shunts peritoneal fluid from the abd to the venous system decrease ascites & improving hemodynamic factors.
  15. An early sign of hepatic encephalopathy?
    irritability and lethargic
  16. Why use Lactulose (Cephulac) in pt with hepatic encephalopathy?
    it reduces ammonia formation by decreasing absorption of ammonia in bowel
  17. Why use Neomycin in pt with hepatic encephalopathy?
    reduces ammonia formation by reducing bacterial flora that produce ammonia
  18. Why eliminate blood from GI tract in pt with hepatic encephalopathy?
    reducing ammonia formation by removing RBC as a source of protein
  19. What is an appropriate snack for a pt with advanced cirrhosis with a nursing diagnosis of imbalanced nutrition: < requirement?
    a fresh tomato sandwich with salt-free butter. Needs high calorie, high carb foods

Card Set Information

Author:
 jean
ID:
 54130
Filename:
 cirrhosis
Updated:
2010-12-07 23:30:37
Tags:
cirrhosis
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Description:
cirrhosis from Lewis study guide
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