EES First Semester Exam

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  1. Know the Electromagnetic Spectrum, the visible light spectrum, and which
    colors have the longest waves
    • Visible Light
    • Radient Energy
    • Visible electromagnetic radiation
    • Electromagnetic Spectrum
    • Arrangement of waves according to wavelengths
    • and frequencies
    • Gamma Rays, X-rays, UV Radiation, Visible Light, IR Radiation, Microwaves, Radio Waves
  2. Know the formula for frequency and wavelength
    • Wavelength= Speed of Light
    • Frequency
  3. Know the characteristics of light and how it behaves
    • Travels like a wave, strikes like a particle
    • Longer wavelengths bend more around objects
    • Constructive and destructive
    • Photons
    • Stream of light particles which exerts a force
    • called “radiation pressure”
    • Red light= low energy, Violet light=high energy
  4. What is a pulsar?
    A spinning neutron star that radiates short bursts/pulses of radio energy
  5. Know the life cycles of low-mass, medium, and high mass stars and how they
    differ
    Low: Nebula, Protostar, Main Sequence Star, White Dwarf, Black Dwarf

    Medium: Nebula, Protostar, Main Sequence, Red Giant, Nebula, White Dwarf, Black Dwarf

    Massive: Nebula, Protostar, Main Sequence, Red Supergiant, Supernova, Neutron Star OR Black Hole
  6. Which stars go to supernova?
    Massive
  7. Understand how energy is created in our sun
    • · Atmospheric molecules of dust/ gas change direction of solar radiation
    • · Earth’s surface re-radiates heat as IR radiation
  8. Know how galaxies are grouped

    • · Spiral Galaxies- Disk shaped with more stars near the center

    • · Elliptical Galaxies- Oval shaped
    • · Irregular Galaxies- Irregular shaped with young stars


  9. Know the Nebular Theory and the Big Band Theory

    • · Big Bang

    • o Expanding Universe
    • o 13.7 billion years ago
    • · Nebular Theory
    • o Sun and planets formed from rotatating disk of dust/ gas
    • o Speed of rotation increases and center of area
    • flattens out and matter is more concentrated in center when sun forms


  10. Why was Copernicus
    important?

    • ·1473-1543

    • · First to say Earth is a planet and the Sun is the Universe


  11. Know the differences between terrestrial and Jovian planets

    • · Which is largest/ smallest

    • o Terrestrial-small, Jovian- large
    • · What are they made of
    • o Terrestrial- Dense and rocky, Jovian- Large amounts of gas and ice (ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide/ water)
    • · What is their atmosphere mad of?
    • o Jovian- hydrogen, helium, methane, ammonia

  12. According to the IAU, what must a planet do?

    • ·

    • Orbit sun, gravity can form planet to be a ball
    • shape, dominant enough to clear its own path

  13. Know difference between comets, meteors, meteorites, and the composition
    of each one

    • ·Comets

    • o Outside Neptune, pulled towards Sun, and they are very regular short comets, made of water, ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide, monoxide
    • · Meteors/ Meteorites
    • o Meteors pieces of space that fall to Earth
    • o Friction heats them up and burns them away
    • o Meteorites- Meteors that don’t completely burn up and hit the ground


  14. Know the difference between lunar and solar eclipses



    • ·

    • Solar- New moon directly in front of sun leaving
    • moons shadow to fall on Earth

    • ·

    • Lunar- When moon passes in Earth’s shadow (moon
    • still visible and red in color)

  15. What causes high tide?

    • ·

    • Gravity and inertia create tidal bulges on
    • opposite sides of Earth

    • ·

    • Side of Earth facing the moon creates
    • gravitational force by the moon that pulls water towards it

  16. Understand Newton’s first law of motion

    • ·

    • An object at rest stays at rest and an object in
    • motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force

  17. What is the difference between a spring tide and a neap tide?

    • ·

    • Spring- 2 every month

    • o

    • Tides with greatest tidal range due to alignment
    • of Earth, moon, and sun

    • ·

    • Neap- 2 every month

    • o

    • Lowest tidal range, occurs during the first and
    • third quarter of the moon phases

    • o

    • Earth, moon, and sun make a right angle

  18. Know the formula for universal gravitation

    • ·

    • Universal force of attraction that acts between
    • all bodies that have mass

  19. Understand the gravity formula

    • ·

    • Force= Gravity Constant * (mass1 *mass2)

    • (Distance2)

  20. Know the layers
    that make up Earth’s interior

    • ·

    • Crust, lithosphere, mantle, Asthenosphere, core

  21. Know the
    continental drift hypothesis and why scientists rejected it

    • ·

    • Continents had once been joined together to form
    • one supercontinent called Pangaea

    • ·

    • No way to explain theory

  22. Know and understand the mechanism that drives the theory of plate
    tectonics and the source of heat in the Earth

    • ·

    • Earth’s lithospheric plates move slowly relative
    • to each other

    • ·

    • Driven by convection currents in the mantle

  23. Know plate tectonics and the features they form

    • ·

    • Divergent- plates move apart

    • o

    • Creates rift valleys

    • ·

    • Convergent- plates push together

    • o

    • Creates trenches, volcanoes, and mountain ranges

    • ·

    • Transform- plates slide against each other

    • o

    • Creates faults

  24. Know the differences between mid ocean ridges and subduction zones

    • ·

    • Mid Ocean Ridges- Spreading centers in ocean

    • ·

    • Subduction Zones-

  25. Know the earthquake terms: focus and epicenter

    • ·

    • Focus- Within the Earth where Earthquakes start

    • ·

    • Epicenter- Place on Earth’s surface above the
    • focus

  26. Know the difference between P and S waves and how each one travels

    • ·

    • P Waves

    • o

    • Compressional Waves

    • o

    • Move 2x faster than S Waves

    • o

    • Move through solids/ liquids

    • ·

    • S Waves

    • o

    • Transverse Waves

    • o

    • Move at a right angle

    • o

    • Only travel through solids

  27. Know the three faults and the stress that causes them and the three folds

    • ·

    • Stress

    • o

    • Tensional, Compressional, Shear

    • ·

    • Folds

    • o

    • Synclines ê,
    • Anticlines é, Monocline Γ

  28. What determines HOW
    a volcano erupts?

    • ·

    • Heat, pressure, and water content

  29. Know the three types of volcanism

    • ·

    • Divergent, Convergent, Intraplate

  30. Know the types of volcanoes and how each is formed

    • ·

    • Shield Volcanoes, Cinder Cones (steep sided
    • volcanoes), Composite Cones (mountains produce explosions of lava)

  31. Know Volcano land forms

    • ·

    • Calderas (depression in volcano mountain, formed
    • by collapse of top of volcano)

    • ·

    • Volcano Necks (landform made of magma that
    • hardened in volcanoes pipe later exposed by erosion)

  32. Know intrusive igneous rock features

    • ·

    • Pluton- structures result from cooling and
    • hardening of magma under Earth’s surface

    • ·

    • Sill- Forms where magma flows

    • ·

    • Dikes- magma from large chamber moves into
    • fractures

    • ·

    • Batholiths- largest body of intrusive igneous
    • rock

  33. What is the evidence for the Big Bang?

    • ·

    • Evidence

    • o

    • Red Shifts

    • o

    • Cosmic Microwave Radiation

  34. How do astronomers classify stars?

    • ·

    • Low, Medium, and High-Mass stars

  35. Know the three types of rocks

    • ·

    • Sedimentary, Igneous, and Metamorphic Rocks

  36. How old is the Earth?

    • ·

    • 4.6 Billion years ago

  37. What era contains 88% of Earth’s history?

    • ·

    • Precambrian Earth

  38. What happened during the Carboniferous period?

    • ·

    • Coal swamps forests developed in wet tropical
    • regions

    • ·

    • First reptiles appeared

    • ·

    • Africa collided with N. America to create
    • Appalachian Mtns.




  39. Know the periods during the Paleozoic Era

    Cambrian, Crdovcian, Silurian, and Pevonian
  40. Know why the sun or any star remains stable
    Outward pressure and inward gravity
  41. What % of time do stars remain in the main sequence stage?
    90%
  42. Know the difference between a red shift and a blue shift
    • Red Shift- light waves stretched, Earth/ Source moving away
    • Blue Shift- light waves cramped, Earth/ Source moving towards each other
  43. Know the phases of the moon, which is waxing, which is waning
    • Waxing- light comes from right moves to left
    • Waning- light shrinks from left to right
  44. Understand Inertia which has more, a person or a house
    A house has more inertia
  45. Know kinds of light interference
    Constructive, Destructive
  46. Know shape of planets orbit
    Elliptical
  47. Know why planets remain in orbit around the sun
    An object falling from a position at rest falls in a vertical straight line. A object falling curves
  48. Know the three types of boundries
    Transform, Convergent, Divergent
  49. What two types of forces shape the Earth?
    Constructive, Destructive
  50. Know the process of erosion
    Wind, water, gravity
  51. Know the principles of horizontality, Cross cutting relations, and superposition
    • Horizontality- Gravity forces rock layers to be flat
    • Cross Cutting Relations- Igneous rock that cuts across another rock unity that must be younger than surrounding rocks
    • Superposition- rocks aged from oldest (bottom) to youngest (top)
  52. How long is carbon dating good for?
    75,000 years
  53. What gases were present at Earth's beginning?
    Nitrogen, Carbon Dioxide, and Water vapor
  54. When did mammoth's disappear?
    10,000 years ago
  55. What does cenzoic mean?
    Recent life/ age of mammals

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Author:
 happymonkeylover
ID:
 54486
Filename:
 EES First Semester Exam
Updated:
2010-12-13 03:24:43
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EES First Semester Exam
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EES First Semester Exam
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