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a relatively enduring change in the potential to engage in particular behavior resulting from experience wieht environmental events specifically related to that behavior.
Learning
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A variable that the experimenter can change
Independent Variable
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A variable that is the outcome of the experiment
Dependent Variable
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Example: behabiro is lever-pressing, counting each lever press
Operational definition
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Problems in the environment that can cause involuntary alteration of the experiment.
Confounding Variable
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2 groups of subjects
experimental and control
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the group that receives the training in procedures of interest
Experimental Group
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the group that is treated identically to the experimental group in all other ways other than the procedure of interest.
Control group
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Learning happened if the two groups behave differently
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Behaviorism: he can rear any child into what ever he wants.
John Watson
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The training process
Introducing stimuli
Time 1 (T1)
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The post-training test
Testing reactions and behaviors
Time 2 (T2)
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Physics story example:
You and roommate taking physics you get a B in your hard class and your roommate gets an A in their easy class. The grade does not reflect the knowledge learned.
Analygous
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Experiments with rats are general to human behavior and relative to most other species.
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the simplest unit of unconditioned behavior
instinctive
involuntary
Reflex
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collection of reflexes organized together
Sequence of behavior responses
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Stimuli that evokes a response
Exp. Hawk flying and a small animal moves down below
The stickle back mating ritual
Sign Stimuli
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Human sign stimuli
- Smile and wave greeting
- eyebrow rase
- yawning
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Supra-normal sign stimuli
hearing full chicks peck at the red spot on their parent's beak.
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The more helpless the features the more sign stimulus to induce protection.
- infancy and youth.
- Head large in proportion to the body
- Protruding forehead large in proportion to the size of the rest of the face.
- Small nose
- Round protruding heeks
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One stimulus is what?
Single- Stimulus
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two stimuli or more are associated together.
show up together
Associative/Pavlovian/Classical
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Hapituation falls under what type of stimulus
Single-stimulus
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If your response goes down
Exp. wearing clothes; you do not notice them during the day.
Habituation
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If your response goes up.
Exp. A girl constantly clearing her throat in a quiet library. 1st no one is annoyed, 20th time people are pissed.
Sensitization
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Association/Pavlovian/Classical
stimulus- stimulus
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Pairing two stiumulus associated together
Exp. The Office: Computer sound paired with mint
Stimulus- Stimulus
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Instrumental/Operant
Behavioral response (operant) --> consequence
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to gain a response
Exp. Get all A's in school and get a reward.
Instrumental/Operant
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the base line that will stay constant after decrease/increase.
Asemtote
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not being able to detect after a while
Sensory Aduptation
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Model Action Pattern - voluntary
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