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Relics of Feudalism
- aristocratic privileges
- were obligation of the French peasants to local landlords
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Estates
the three orders that France's population was divided into
(from the period of the middle ages to the creation of the french republic)
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The Bourgeoisie
- members of the French middle class
- part of the third estate
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sans-culottes
- members of the Paris commune
- (because of their pants)
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factions
- dissenting groups
- during the National convention
- disagreed over the fate of louis XVI
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coup d'e'tat
- an overthrow of the french govt.
- Napoleon seized power
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consulate
a new govt. in which Napoleon had absolute power
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Nationalism
the cultural identity of a people based on common language/religion/national symbols
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The declaration of rights of man and citizen
proclaims freedom and equal rights for all men, access to public office based on talent and an end to exemptions from taxation
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Start of the French Revolution
Storming of the Bastille
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National Assembly made:
- Dec. of Man and citizen,
- church reforms
- new constitution
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Why was Loius XVI executed
- guillotined
- he was distrusted by most of the national convention
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Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety would execute....
opponents of govt. and the opponents of the san-culottes
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How did Napoleon assume power in France and become emperor
- overthrew the Directory
- became a regular consul
- eventually consul for life
- crowned himself emperor
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Why war w/Austia and other countries
Marie Antionette was from Austria
(nationalism didn't help!)
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Purpose of the continental system
- stop british goods from reaching Europa and cause Britian's economy to weaken
- failure= allied states wanted to trade w/britian
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Why was french invasion of Russia a fail
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elector
individuals who qualified to vote in an election
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Before the french revolution starts what kind of govt. does france have?
absolute power = absolute monarchy
"old regime"
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What does the royal family do when Louis's powers are lessened?
run to Austria = fail :)
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What happens to the Royal Family after being captured?
forced to Paris and seperated
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Maximillan de Robespierre
- skilled young lawyer and politician who stood up for the third estate
- "the incorruptable"
- heart of the revolutionary govt.
- Liberte, Egalite, Fraternite
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Robespierre's initial view on the death penalty
against it
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what changes does Robespierre want for France
- universal sufferage
- end to remnence of medival past
- constitution monarchy
- increased freedom of the press
- end to slavery in the west indies
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Why was the guillotine invented
more humane way of killing
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Two countries at war with France and how was the war going
Austria and Prussia
- Not doing too great but not too many casualties
- (Boarders were shrinking)
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The first people executed by the guillotine
the royal guards
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Who were the san-culottes and what did they do to political prisoners and nobles in September of 1792?
- a radical group
- they were killed/slaughtered if they said anything bad about the revolutionary govt.
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The National Assembly is now called the National Convention. Robespierre who once supported the idea of a constitutional monarchy, and who was once against violence, now lead France into a period of violence. What happens to the king?
- Found Guilty of Treason
- Killed by the guillotine
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Who is Marat? Describe the purpose of his newspaper.
- A newspaper writer who wrote of people plotting against the revolution. He urges the people to take more action
- "The Friend of the People"
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Who killed Marat? Why? What happened to her?
- Charlotte Corda
- he was responsible of many many deaths
- she was executed!
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What happened to Marie Antoinette?
- She is executed
- guilty of treason
- (accused of having incense with her son- not true though!)
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By 1793, what other European Nation has entered in the war against France?
Great Britian
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Danton and Robespierre agree that a more violent stage is needed to pull France together. This is the "Reign of Terror". Describe the people who are arrested and executed.
- Anyone suspected/accused of being against the revoltuion
- (no using words such as Madame- only citizen!)
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A new governing group is formed called the Committee of Public Safety. What has happened to the principles of the Declaraion of the Rights of Man?
it is suspended
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What finally happens at the front with the French Army? Who in particular is winning battles against France's enemies?
France is winning battles = Napoleon Bonaparte
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What leader wants to end all the violence by the spring of 1794? What happens to him?
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What happens to Robespierre? What happened after Robespierre died? What foreshadoing is there for the future of France after the
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