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Vitamins

  1. Are vitamins organic or inorganic
    organic
  2. do vitamins have calories?
    no
  3. Vitamins are Catalysts for all metabolic reactions using
    proteins, fats and CHOs
  4. Most vitamins cannot be synthesized by the body. Exceptions:
    • • Vitamin D (in the skin, from UV light)
    • • Vitamin A (from beta carotene)
    • • Niacin (B3) (from the amino acid tryptophan)
  5. What are easily destroyed by heat
    vitamins
  6. Can nutrients be turned into energy without vitamins?
    no
  7. can vitamins be used without nutrients?
    no
  8. Factors affecting efficiency of vitamins
    • Smoking
    • Alcohol consumption
    • Caffeine
    • Drugs
    • Stress
    • Growth and increased metabolic activity
    • Pregnancy and lactation
    • Fever
    • Recovery from accidents and illness
  9. Fat soluable vitamins
    ADEK
  10. Water soluable vitamins
    B and C
  11. Precursers that transform to one or more active forms
    Provitamins
  12. description of fat soluable vitamins
    • •Absorbed into the lymph
    • •Travel in blood with protein carriers
    • •Found in fats and oils
    • •Require bile for absorption
    • •Stored in the liver or with other lipids in fatty tissues until body needs them;
    • some can build up to toxic concentrations
    • •Fairly stable to heat
  13. description of water soluable vitamins
    • • Absorbed directly into blood stream
    • • Travel freely in blood stream
    • •Most are not stored to any great extent
    • • Excess excreted in urine
    • • Lower risk of toxicity than fat-soluble vitamins
  14. Vitamins classified according to fxn
    Energy-releasing vitamins: B-complex Hematopoietic vitamins: B6, B12, folate Antioxidant vitamins: A, C, E
  15. three forms of vitamin A in the body
    • Retinol
    • Retinal
    • Retinoic Acid
  16. dietary source of Vit A from
    animal sources
    • Stored in the liver
    • Converted to other forms as needed
    Retinol
  17. Plant derived precursor to vit A
    beta carotine
  18. FXN of vit A
    • Vision/night blindness
    • Maintenance of body linings and skin-moisturizing
    • Immune defenses
    • Growth of bones and the body
    • Tooth development
    • Normal cell development/differentiation
    • Reproduction
    • Antioxidant
  19. Keratinization of the cornea can occur
    with What vitamin deficiency
    vitamin A deficiency
  20. permanent blindness
    (xerophthalmia)
Author
darbydo88
ID
76897
Card Set
Vitamins
Description
nutrition
Updated

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