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sentpar
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What chemical is the leading cause of asthma in workplace? What are the complecations that could develop with exposure to this chemical.
Isocyanates. The asthma can develop into pulmonary edema
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This chemical is used as a precursor to carbamate pesticide.
Isocyanates
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Carbamate was used as medicine to treat this disease.
Myashenia gravis (disease that blocks ACh receptors)
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What are the symptoms of carbamate poisoning? Hint: similar to organophospates
Paralysis of muscle, increased fluid secreation and CNS disturbance
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What differentiate carbamates from organophosphate in relation to acetylcholine esterase?
carbamates do not go through aging process, therefore the binding is not permanent...can be reveresed.
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What is the ACGIH cancer rating for carbaryl (carbamate)? Does carbamate have a skin designation?
- A4 - not classifiable as human carcinogen
- yes, it does have a skin designation.
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Which form of arsenic is the most dangerous? Why?
- Organic arsenic (methylated) 5+ is the most dangerous
- Because organic form increases the absorption of arsenic.
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What is the cancer rating (ACGIH and IARC) of arsenical pesticides?
- IARC group 1
- ACGIH A1 (confirmed human carcinogen)
- lung cancer
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What is the dominant acute effect of arsenical pesticides? What are the chronic effects of arsenical pesticides?
- acute: GI effect is dominant
- Chronic: CNS effect is dominant (parasthesia, muscle weakness - and can stop breathing). Also can deposit in fingernails, hair falls out.
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What is the cancer rating of acrlonitrile (ACGIH)? Any designation?
- A3 - known animal carcinogen but unknown relation to humans
- skin designation.
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What important diseases are related to vinyl chloride?
Scleroderma, Reynaud's Phenomenon and frost bite
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What are the toxicities of Vinyl Chloride??
Toxic to liver; acute toxicity to CNS and cancersous to sinusoids of liver and lung
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What areas does formaldehyde sensitize?
- Skin - type 4
- lung - type 1 (asthma)
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What are the critical effects of formaldehyde?
Eye irritation and upper respritory irritation
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Formaldehyde cancer rating (ACGIH)? Any designation?
- 2A - suspected carcinogen
- no skin designation
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