nursing 200

How to move safely

It is the coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems

It means that the individual's center of gravity is stable

It is enhanced by keeping the body's center of gravity low with a wide base of support and maintaining correct body posture

It is a force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement

• Postural Abnormalities
• Impaired Muscle Development
• Damage to the Central Nervous System
• Direct Trauma to the Musculoskeletal System

Refers to a person's ability to move freely

Refers to a person's inability to move freely

It is an intervention that restricts clients to bed for therapeutic reasons

It is an accumulation of platelets, fibrin, clotting factors, and the cellular elements of the blood attached to the interior wall of a vein or artery, which sometimes occludes the lumen of the vessel

It is an abnormal and possibly permanent condition characterized by fixation of the joint. Disuse, atrophy, and shortening of the muscle fibers cause joint contractures.

• Decreases metabolic rate
• Alters metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, proteins
• Causes fluid, electrolyte, and calcium imbalances
• Causes gastrointestinal disturbances
• Decreased appetite and slowing of peristalsis

• - Atelectasis
• - Hypostatic pneumonia

- Both of theses decrease oxygenation and prolong recovery and add to client's discomfort

It is the collapse of alveoli

It is inflammation of the lung from stasis or pooling of secretions

• Orthostatic hypotension
• Increased cardiac workload
• Thrombus formation

It is when the foot is permanently fixed in plantar flexion

Because immobilization results in bone resorption, the bone tissue is less dense or is atrophied

- Because the peristaltic contractions of the ureters are insufficient to over come gravity, the renal pelvis fills before urine enters the ureters.

- This increases the risk of a UTI and renal calculi

They are calcium stones that lodge in the renal pelvis or pass through the ureters

It is an impairment of the skin as a result of prolonged ischemia (decreased blood supply) in tissues

It is the maximum amount of movement available at a joint in one of the three planes of the body: sagittal, frontal, or transverse

It is physical activity for conditioning the body, improving health, and maintaining fitness

It is the type and amount of exercise or work that a person is able to perform

It is an effective method for preventing pneumonia and keeping the airway clear by percussion and positioning

It prevents external rotation of the hips when the client is in a supine position

It is a triangular device that hangs down from a securely fastened overhead bar that is attached to the bed frame. It allows the client to pull with upper extremities to raise the trunk off the bed, to assist in transfer from bed to wheelchair, or to perform upper arm exercises.

- The head of the bed is elevated 45 to 60 degrees and the client's knees are slightly elevated without pressure to restrict circulation in the lower legs.

- Support and align hips and spine

• - Clients rest on their backs
• - Use of trochanter rolls, pillows, and hand rolls or arm splints increase comfort and reduce injury to the skin or musculoskeletal system
• - Back-lying, support with pillows, trochanter rolls, splints

• - The client lies face or chest down.
• - Often the client's head is turned to the side, but if a pillow is under the head, it needs to be thin enough to prevent cervical flexion or extension and maintain alignment of the lumbar spine.
• - "airway", face-down

• - The client rests on the side with the major portion of body weight on the dependent hip and shoulder. A 30 degree lateral position is recommended for clients at risk for pressure ulcers
• - side-lying (lateral) with spine alignment

• - Differs from the side-lying position in the distribution of the client's weight
• - Client placed the weight on the anterior ileum, humerus, and clavicle
• - Semi-prone on right or left side with weight on ileum, humerus, clavicle
• - "Snuggle" position

• Instrumental activities of daily living
• They are necessary to be independent in society beyond eating, grooming, transferring, and toileting
• They include skills like shopping, preparing meals, banking, and taking medications.

• Use of gait belt
• Support affected side of body

Device should go on the unaffected side of the body and nurse or aide should be on the affected side of the body