SLCC ANATOMY CHAPTER 14

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    Structurally,
    the nervous system consists of which two subdivisions?
    central and peripheral
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    Clusters of
    neuron cell bodies located outside the CNS are called
    ganglia
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    Which
    functional division of the nervous system includes the SNS and ANS?
    motor
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    In the PNS,
    components of the afferent division include
    sensory neurons
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    Which effectors
    are innervated by visceral motor neurons?
    cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands
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    The two
    distinct cell types that compose all nervous tissue are
    chromatophilic substance
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    The slightly
    expanded tips of telodendria are called
    synaptic knobs
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    The cytoplasm
    in a neuron cell body (or sometimes the entire cell body) is called the
    perikaryon
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    Structural
    categories of neurons include which of the following?
    unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar
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    Neurons with
    numerous dendrites and a single axon are structurally classified as
    multipolar neurons
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    Efferent
    neurons transmit nerve impulses
    from the CNS to muscles or glands
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    Collectively,
    glial cells do all of the following except
    synthesize neurotransmitters and conduct nerve impulses
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    The word root
    glia, as in "glial cells," most nearly means
    glue
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    Which pair
    names only neuroglia of the central nervous system?
    ependymal cells and astrocytes
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    Which
    description refers to oligodendrocytes?
    large, bulbous cells with slender cytoplasmic extensions
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    The largest and
    most abundant of the CNS glial cells, ____________ help form the blood-brain
    barrier.
    astrocytes
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    Which types of
    glial cells are found in the peripheral nervous system?
    neurolemmocytes and satellite cells
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    Which term
    describes the collection of lipids and proteins that may form a protective
    coating around an axon?
    myelin
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    Myelination
    affects nerve impulse conduction in which of the following ways?
    allows saltatory conduction from one neurofibril node to the next
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    Axon
    regeneration in the PNS involves ____________ in a process known as Wallerian
    ____________.
    ependymal cells; neogenesis
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    Nerves are
    bundles of parallel axons in the PNS that have three successive connective
    tissue wrappings, called the
    endoneurium, perineurium, and epineurium
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    The point at
    which two excitable cells contact to exchange information is called a
    synapse
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    The synaptic
    knob of a neuron may contact another neuron anywhere except on its
    myelin sheath
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    At a chemical
    synapse, the presynaptic membrane releases a signaling molecule called a
    neurotransmitter
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    Which one of
    the following is not a step in the conduction of a nerve impulse across a
    chemical synapse?
    • calcium ions entering the synaptic cleft cause the endocytosis of synaptic
    • vesicles
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    The rate of
    conduction of a nerve impulse is influenced by the
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    • The rate of
    • conduction of a nerve impulse is influenced by the
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    Which
    description doesnot accurately characterize neuronal pools?
    have numerous types of circuits defined by structural features
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    All of the
    following are types of neuronal circuits except
    proliferating
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    In the embryo,
    the neural plate (which gives rise to most nervous tissue structures) develops
    from
    ectoderm
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    What accounts
    for the gray color of gray matter?
    • presence of Nissl bodies
    • absence of myelin
    • both of the above
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    Bundles of
    neurofilaments extending into dendrites and axons to provide structural support
    are called
    neurofibrils
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    The phrase
    "terminally differentiated," as applied to mature neurons, means that they
    cannot divide mitotically to produce daughter cells
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    Although they
    outnumber ____________ by as much as ten to one, ____________ account for only
    about half of the total volume of the nervous system.
    neurons; glial cells
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    Their methods
    are different, but ____________ in the CNS and ____________ in the PNS perform
    similar functions.
    oligodendrocytes; neurolemmocytes
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    Which glial
    cells behave much like certain leukocytes?
    microglia
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    Although
    classified as glial cells, ____________ are also ____________ that line the
    cavities in the brain and spinal cord and help form the choroid plexus.
    ependymal cells; epithelial cells
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    In the PNS, an
    axon may be enveloped by ____________ without being ____________.
    neurolemmocytes; myelinated
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    Which glial
    cells participate in the repair of damaged nerves?
    neurolemmocytes
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    Which nervous
    system divisions or components contain no afferent neurons?
    ANS and SNS
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    Ironically, a
    ____________ neuron typically has more dendrites than a ____________ neuron.
    unipolar; bipolar
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    A multipolar
    neuron that synapses on a gland cell is functionally classified as
    continuous; saltatory
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    A nerve impulse
    involves ____________ across a neuron's plasma membrane.
    • changes in voltage
    • movement of ions
    • both a and b
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    Axon
    regeneration in the CNS is restricted by which of the following factors?
    • oligodendrocytes do not release a nerve growth factor
    • crowded axons in the brain and spinal cord complicate regrowth
    • astrocytes and connective tissue coverings may form obstructive scar tissue
    • all of the above
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    At a chemical
    synapse, ____________ are found only in the plasma membrane of the ____________
    cell.
    receptor proteins; postsynaptic
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    Synapses are
    categorized on the basis of
    point of contact and mode of impulse transmission
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    Which
    structural classes of neurons are always sensory in function?
    unipolar and bipolar
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    The
    ____________ is the only functional class of neuron entirely restricted to the
    ____________ nervous system.
    association neuron; central
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    Which of the
    following are structural, as opposed to functional, divisions of the nervous
    system?
    (1) CNS (2) SNS (3) PNS (4) ANS
    1 and 3
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    With regard to
    control of effectors, ____________ is to involuntary as ____________ is
    to voluntary.
    3 and 5
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    Touch,
    vibration, and proprioception are examples of
    general somatic senses
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    Which statement
    is false regarding neural circuits?
    • in parallel-after-discharge circuits, a single input leads
    • to multiple individual outputs
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    Increased
    dietary intake of vitamin B12 and ____________ during
    pregnancy can dramatically reduce the incidence of neural tube defects such as
    ____________.
    folic acid (folate); anencephaly and spina bifida
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    The cell body
    of a mature neuron does not contain
    a centriole.
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    Neurons that
    have only two processes attached to the cell body are called
    bipolar.
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    Which neurons
    are located only within the CNS?
    interneurons
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    An example of
    an effector is a
    gland.
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    The glial cells
    that help produce CSF in the CNS are
    ependymal cells.
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    Which of the
    following is not a part of the CNS?
    neurolemmocyte
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    Which of these
    cells transfer and process information?
    neurons
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    Which type of
    neuronal pool utilizes nerve impulse feedback to repeatedly stimulate the
    circuit?
    reverberating circuit
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    At an
    electrical synapse, presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes interface through
    gap junctions.
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    The epineurium
    is
    a thick, dense irregular connective tissue layer enclosing the nerve.
Author
Anonymous
ID
82859
Card Set
SLCC ANATOMY CHAPTER 14
Description
Nervous Tissue
Updated