SLCC ANATOMY CHAPTER 15

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    The four major
    regions of the brain are the
    cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, and cerebellum
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    Which sequence
    lists the cranial meninges in order from superficial to deep?
    dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater
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    In regions
    where the two layers of the dura mater separate, the gap between them is called
    a dural venous sinus
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    The largest of
    the cranial dural septa is the
    falx cerebri
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    The
    tetrahedron-shaped cavity between the pons and cerebellum is the
    fourth ventricle
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    The word root
    ependyma, as in "ependymal cells," literally means
    an upper garment
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    Cerebrospinal
    fluid performs which of the following functions?
    • provides buoyancy for the brain
    • cushions neural structures from sudden movements
    • delivers nutrients and chemical messengers and removes waste products
    • all of the above
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    Which structure
    produces cerebrospinal fluid in each ventricle?
    choroid plexus
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    From the
    subarachnoid space, excess cerebrospinal fluid flows into the dural venous
    sinuses through the
    arachnoid villi
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    The blood-brain
    barrier of the CNS is missing or markedly reduced in which of the following
    locations?
    choroid plexus, hypothalamus, and pineal gland
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    The cerebral
    hemispheres are separated by the
    longitudinal fissure
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    Which statement
    does not describe the parietal lobe?
    contains the functionally important precentral gyrus
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    Which term
    describes masses of gray matter deep inside each cerebral hemisphere?
    cerebral nuclei
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    The central
    white matter consists of which three groups of axons?
    association, commissural, and projection tracts
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    Myelinated
    axons that extend between the cerebral hemispheres are called
    commissural tracts
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    Which cortical
    region is responsible for the conscious awareness of touch, pressure, pain, and
    temperature?
    primary somatosensory cortex
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    Which cerebral
    cortical area coordinates learned, skilled motor activities?
    prefrontal cortex
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    The thalamus
    does all of the following except
    receives and processes sensory input from olfactory receptors in the nose
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    Which region of
    the diencephalon controls the ANS and endocrine system, body temperature,
    circadian rhythms, and various emotions and behavioral drives?
    hypothalamus
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    What are the
    three regions of the brainstem?
    mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata
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    The
    mesencephalon comprises all of the following structures except the
    flocculonodular lobes
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    Reflexive
    turning of the head and eyes in the direction of a sound is controlled by the
    ____________ of the mesencephalon.
    inferior colliculi
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    The medulla
    oblongata contains
    • nuclei associated with five pairs of cranial nerves
    • nuclei and tracts that relay sensory information to the thalamus
    • several autonomic nuclei that regulate functions vital for life
    • all of the above
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    Coordinating
    skeletal muscle movements and maintaining equilibrium are two of several
    important functions of the
    cerebellum
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    Which
    description of the cerebellum is incorrect?
    has prominent folds called gyri covering the left and right hemispheres
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    Components of
    the limbic system
    • conduct and process olfactory sensations
    • collectively process and experience emotions
    • are essential in storing memories and forming long-term memory
    • all of the above
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    Cranial nerves
    with purely sensory functions include which of the following?
    oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens
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    Which cranial
    nerves have autonomic (parasympathetic) as well as somatic motor functions?
    III, VII, IX, and X
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    The word root
    vagus, as in "vagus nerve," most nearly means
    wandering
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    All of the
    following refer to the same region of the mesencephalon except the
    red nuclei and substantia nigra
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    Corpus
    callosum
    is to commissural as ____________ is to projection
    tracts.
    internal capsule
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    The amygdaloid
    body, claustrum, and corpus striatum are all components of the non-cortical gray
    matter of the cerebrum collectively known as the
    cerebral nuclei
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    Until it was
    banned, visual subliminal advertising seemed like a tremendous tool for the
    motion picture industry: a photograph of a hot dog interspersed occasionally
    among the frames of the movie, passing too quickly to be noticed, and yet hot
    dog sales skyrocketed. Which cerebral nucleus likely played a part?
    claustrum
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    The corpus
    striatum comprises all of the following except the
    amygdaloid body
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    Endocrine
    organs housed within the cranium are all directly associated with which brain
    region?
    diencephalon
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    Because of its
    major roles in controlling emotions, drives, and memory, damage to the
    ____________ could drastically alter an individual's personality.
    limbic system
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    Which thalamic
    nuclei relay visual information from the optic tract to the visual cortex and
    mesencephalon?
    lateral geniculate nuclei
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    Hormones
    released by the posterior pituitary are actually produced by the ____________,
    which also controls the activities of the anterior pituitary as well as numerous
    autonomic functions, emotions, drives, and natural rhythms.
    hypothalamus
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    Which
    hypothalamic nucleus or region serves as the body's "thermostat"?
    preoptic area
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    Damage to one's
    ____________ would impair the somatic reflexes involved in eating.
    mammillary bodies
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    The transverse
    fibers that connect the two parts of the metencephalon are the
    middle cerebellar peduncles
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    Outside, the
    ____________ is covered with folia (literally, "leaves"); inside, it has a
    "tree" of white matter.
    cerebellum
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    Which two parts
    of the brain most directly control normal breathing?
    pons and medulla oblongata
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    The twelve
    pairs of cranial nerves
    arise mostly from the brainstem, with only one pair from the telencephalon
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    Which pair
    doesnot correctly match a cranial nerve with its primary
    functional category?
    XII, general sensory
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    Which cranial
    nerve innervates the muscles of mastication and provides sensory information
    from the face, mouth, and anterior scalp?
    trigeminal
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    Which cranial
    nerve innervates the muscles of facial expression and several glands, and
    conducts gustatory impulses from the anterior part of the tongue?
    facial
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    The
    ____________ nerve monitors sensations of balance and equilibrium as well as
    hearing.
    vestibulocochlear
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    Which cranial
    nerve assists in monitoring O2 and CO2 levels in the
    blood?
    IX
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    Which cranial
    nerve plays the largest role in the autonomic control of visceral functions?
    vagus
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    Of the primary
    brain vesicles, the only one that does not subdivide during embryonic
    development is the
    mesencephalon
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    Which is more
    dangerous, and why: a subdural or an epidural hemorrhage?
    epidural, because a damaged artery produces a rapidly growing hematoma
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    Of the
    following, damage to Broca's area would most likely cause
    nonfluent aphasia
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    Parkinson
    disease results from ____________ and is generally ____________.
    deficiency of the neurotransmitter dopamine; idiopathic
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    Which cranial
    nerve has three divisions (ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular)?
    trigeminal (CN V)
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    The subdivision
    of the brain that does not initiate somatic motor movements, but rather
    coordinates and fine-tunes those movements is the
    cerebellum.
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    The visceral
    reflex center is housed within the
    superior colliculus.
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    Which of the
    following is not a function of the hypothalamus?
    initiates voluntary skeletal muscle movement
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    Which of the
    following statements is false about the choroid plexus?
    It forms the blood-brain barrier.
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    The ________
    are descending motor tracts on the anterolateral surface of the mesencephalon.
    cerebral peduncles
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    Which cerebral
    lobe is located immediately posterior to the central sulcus and superior to the
    lateral sulcus?
    parietal lobe
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    The primary
    motor cortex is located in which cerebral structure?
    precentral gyrus
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    The ________
    are the isolated, innermost gray matter areas near the base of the cerebrum,
    inferior to the lateral ventricles.
    cerebral nuclei
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    Which structure
    contains some autonomic centers involved in regulating respiration?
    pons
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Anonymous
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Card Set
SLCC ANATOMY CHAPTER 15
Description
Brain and Cranial Nerves
Updated