The flashcards below were created by user
kepling
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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What cells produce antimullerian hormone and what is the hormone's function?
- Sertoli Cells
- Function: destroy mullerian duct that would normally lead to Fallopian tubes
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What cells produce testosterone?
Leydig Cells
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What duct does testosterone utilize?
Wolffian (Mesonephric)
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Which is stronger, Testosterone or Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)?
DHT (3x stronger)
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Symptoms of Androgen insensitivity syndrome?
- XY present
- female gentalia with blind-end opening
- AMH present (but degenerated Wolffian)
- Degenerated Mullerian duct
- infertile
- ** diagnosed at puberty b/c of bleeding **
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What is another name for female pseudohermaphroditism?
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
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What are symptoms of female pseudohermaphroditism?
- No 21-alpha-hydroxylase (= no cortisol = extra androgen)
- XX chromosome
- infertile
- too much androgen with open Mullerian duct
- No AMH = degenerated Wolffian duct
- Female genitalia enlarge
- ** Often noted as male at birth **
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What occurs in the seminiferous tubules?
spermatogenesis
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What is within the connective tissue of the testis and what is produced?
Leydig cells = Testosterone
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What is spermatogenesis?
- ** name of entire sperm production cycle **
- Spermatogonia are converted into Spermatozoa (64 days)
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What is spermatocytogenesis?
- * creating
- Spermatogonial mitosis into Spermatids
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What is spermiogenesis?
- * Packaging
- Spermatids into Spermatozoa
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What is spermiation?
- * Shipping
- Sperm into ejaculatory duct
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What are the waves of sperm production known as?
Spermatogenic wave
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What hormone is responsible for Spermatogenesis and Testosterone production?
GnRH - FSH/LH
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How many spermatids are created from one primary spermatocyte in meiosis?
4
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What four chemicals are released by sertoli cells?
- Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH)
- Fluid for sperm movement in seminiferous tubule
- Androgen binding protein (ABP)
- Release inhibin (inhibit FSH)
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Where are sperm stored: Epididymis or Vas Deferens?
Vas Deferens
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T/F Erection is due to skeletal muscle?
F: Just blood pooling in penis
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What molecule inhibits NO function during erection?
Phosphodiesterase
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What pill can inhibit erection inhibition by phosphodiesterase?
Viagra
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What nervous system controls erection? Ejaculation?
- erection: PNS
- ejaculation: SNS
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How many sperm are ejaculated? How many to be infertile?
- 100 million/ml = normal
- <20 million/ml = infertile
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What three glands produce fluid for sperm movement towards ejaculation?
- 1) Seminal vesicle 60%
- 2) Prostate gland 20%
- 3) Bulbourethral gland
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What fluid maintains sperm function within femal system?
Seminal fluid
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Steps for a sperm to enter an ovuum?
- Lose cholesterol
- Redistribute proteins
- increase calcium uptake for flagellal movements
- Acrosome Rxn: Pierce corona radiata and zona pellucida
- fusion with ovuum
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What happens to GnRH activity with Age?
- Pre-puberty = low = low LH, FSH, Testosterone, DTH
- Puberty = high = high LH, FSH, Testosterone, DTH
- Senescence (old) = low again
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