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histadrut
- Federation of Jewish Labor
- to promote Jewish trade unionism
- influence on ideology of Israel
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White Paper
- Bases for policy of Palestine, by British
- Jewish nationality did not extend to Palestineans, in Israel
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Chaim Weizmann
- Zionist Leader
- First President of Israel
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kibbutzim
- collective agricultural settlements
- all property belongs to the community
- responsibilities are shared
- symbol of the cooperative communal order that many early zionists hoped for Palestine.
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Mohammad Amin al-Husayni
- Palestinian Arab nationalist and Muslim leader in the British Mandate of Palestine
- Opposed British to secure the independence of Palestine as an Arab state
- Led violent riots opposing the establishment of a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine
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Supreme Muslim Council
- Highest body in charge of Muslim community affairs in Mandate Palestine under British
- control.
- Established to create an advisory of Muslims and Christians for High Commissioner to consult.
- In charge of Muslim, religious things; waqf and sharia courts
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World Zionist Organization
- Central administrative organ of the Zionist movement with committees to give movement direction
- Objective = creation of Jewish homeland in Palestine
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UNSCOP
- United Nations Special Committee on Palestine
- To investigate conditions in Palestine
- Recommended termination of British mandate and granting independence to Palestine
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Jewish Agency
- pre-state Jewish authority before the establishment of Israel, in Palestine
- Managed banking systems o health care adn immigrant settlement
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David Ben Gurion
- First Prime Minister of Israel and a Zionist leader
- Lead Israel to victory in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War
- Helped build the state institutions and oversaw the absorption of vast numbers of Jews from all over the world
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Menachem Begin
- Sixth Prime Minister of Israel
- Founded Likud Party = Right Wing Party
- Before independence, leader of the Zionist militant Revisionist breakaway from the larger Jewish paramilitary organization
- Proclaimed a revolt, on February 1, 1944, against the British mandatory government, opposed by the Jewish Agency.
- Played a significant role in Jewish resistance against the British control in the waning years of the mandate, leading the more militant
- faction within Zionism.
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Great Revolt of 1936-39
- Nationalist uprising by Arabs in Mandate Palestine against British colonial rule and mass Jewish immigration
- First, directed by the urban and elitist Higher Arab Committee (HAC) and was focused around strikes and political protest
- Second, violent and peasant-led resistance movement that increasingly targeted British forces
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UN Resolution 242
- aftermath of the Six Day War.
- "inadmissibility of the acquisition of territory by war and the need to work for a just and lasting peace in the Middle East in which every State in the area can live in security."
- Justice and Peace in the Middle East
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Law of Return
- Foundational principle of Israel
- Gave every Jew in the world the right to immigrate to Israel
- Introduced many complications
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Likud Party
- Major right-wing political party in Israel
- Founded in 1973 by Menachem Begin
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June 1967 war
- Six Day War
- Fought by Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt, Jordan, and Syria.
- Israeli victory = Israel took control of Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula from Egypt, West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan, and Golan Heights from Syria.
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al-Fatah
- Major Palestinian political party and the largest faction of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), a multi-party confederation. In Palestinian politics it is on the left-wing of the spectrum; it is mainly nationalist, although not predominantly socialist
- For complete liberation of Palestine
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Yasir Arafat
A founder of al-Fatah and chairman of the PLO
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PLO
- Palestine Liberation Organization
- political and paramilitary organization
- considered by the United States and Israel to be a terrorist organization until the Madrid Conference in 1991
- PLO recognized Israel's right to exist in peace, accepted UN Security Council resolutions 242 and 338, and rejected "violence and terrorism"; in response, Israel officially recognized the PLO as the representative of the Palestinian people
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Black September
- A month when Hashemite King Hussein of Jordan moved to quash the militancy of Palestinian organizations and restore his monarchy's rule over the country.
- The violence resulted in the deaths of thousands of people, the vast majority Palestinian.
- Armed conflict lasted until July 1971 with the expulsion of the Palestine Liberation Organisation and thousands of Palestinian fighters to Lebanon.
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