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CN VIII
Vestibulocochlear
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What is the only nerve that leaves on the dorsal aspect of the brainstem
Trochlear (IV)
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What is the associated nuclei of the oculomotor (III) nerve
- Oculomotor Nucleus
- Edinger-Westphal Nucleus
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What is the associated nucleus of the Trochlear (IV) nerve
Trochlear Nucleus
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What is the associated nuclei of the Trigeminal (V) nerve
- Motor Nucleus of V
- Principle Nucleus of V
- Spinal (descending) Nucleus of V
- Mesencephalic Nucleus
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What is the associated nucleus of Abducens (VI) nerve
Abducens Nucleus
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What is the associated nucleus of the Facial (VII) nerve
- Facial Nucleus
- Superior Salivatory Nucleus
- Nucleus Solitarius
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What is the associated nucleus of the Vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerve
- Vestibular Nucleus
- Cochlear Nucleus
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What is the associated nucleus of the Glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve
- Nucleus Solitarius
- Nucleus Ambiguus
- Inferior Salivatory Nucleus
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What is the associated nucleus of the Vagus (X) nerve
- Dorsal motor of Vagus
- Nucleus Solitarius
- Nucleus Ambiguus
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What is the associated nucleus of the Accessory (XI) nerve
Accessory Nucleus
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What is the associated nucleus for the Hypoglossal (XII) nerve
Hypoglossal Nucleus
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Where is the spinal nucleus of V
Caudal medulla
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The Trochlear (IV) nerve innervates
Superior oblique eye muscle
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Nerves from the mesencephlic nucleus innervate
Appropriate bite
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Abducens Nuclei innervates
Lateral rectus of the eye
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The Superior Salivatory nuclei of the facial nerve innervates
Submandibular and Sublinguinal glands
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The solitary nucleus of of the facial nerve is used for
Taste for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
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Solitary Nuclei for the Glossopharyngeal nerve is used for
Taste from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
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Nucleus Ambiguus is associated with what structures
- Stylopharyngeus muscle (helps with swallowing)
- Uvula
- Laryngeal & Pharyngeal muscles
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GSE
- General Somatic Efferent
- Motor fibers to skeletal, voluntary musculature
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GSA
- General Somatic Afferent
- Fibers that carry general sensation
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GVE
- General Visceral Efferent
- Motor fibers to smooth muscle, glands, viscera
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GVA
- General Visceral Afferent
- Fibers that carry visceral sensation
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BE/SVE
- Branchial Efferent/Special Visceral Efferent
- Motor fibers to skeletal, voluntary muscles that developed from branchial/pharyngeal arches
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SVA
- Special Visceral Afferent
- Taste, Smell
- Developed from endoderm
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SSA
- Special Sensory Afferent
- Vision and Hearing
- Developed from ectoderm
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Nuclei for III and IV are found
In the midbrain
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Nuclei for V are found
- Midbrain (Mesencephalic)
- Pons (Principle sensory N. of V, and Motor N. of V)
- Medulla (Spinal/Descending Nucleus of V)
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Nuclei of VI and motor of VII are found
In the Pons
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Nuclei of VIII is found
Spanning Pons and Medulla
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Nuclei for IX, X, and XII are found
In the Medulla
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Nuclei of XI are found
Cervical spinal cord
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In general where are the motor and sensory nuclei found in the brain stem
- Motor medial
- Sensory lateral
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Parasympathetic (GVE) are found only in what CN
- III (constrict pupils)
- VII (submandibular and sublinguinal glands)
- IX (parotid gland)
- X (abdominal organs, and bronchii)
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What are the associated ganglion of the nerves III, VII, IX, X
- III - Ciliary
- VII - Pterygopalatine and Submandibular
- IX - Otic
- X - Ganglion near visceral organs
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Olfactory nerve contains what modality
SVA (taste and smell)
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Optic nerve has what modality
SSA (vision and hearing)
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Oculomotor nerve has what modality
- Oculomotor Nucleus (GSE)
- Edinger-Westphal (GVE)
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Trochlear nerve has what modality
GSE
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Trochlear nerve palsy has what effects
The eye on the same side as the injury is moved superiorly and rotated counter clockwise, due to the superior oblique muscle not functioning
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Abducens nerve has what modality
GSE (motor to lateral rectus muscle)
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Abducens nerve palsy has what manifestation
Affected eye is rotated medially
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Trigeminal V1 (opthalmic) has what modality
GSA (sensory from upper face)
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Trigeminal V2 (maxillary) has what modality
GSA (sensory from the middle of the face)
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Trigeminal V3 (mandibular) has what modality
- GSA (sensory from chin)
- BE (mastication)
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Trigeminal Neuralgia
- Sensory disorder of CN V
- Sharp pains in face
- Maxillary nerve is the most frequent
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Facial nerve (VII) has what modalities
- Facial Nuclei BE (facial expressions)
- Superior salivatory Nuclei GVE (salivation)
- Solitary Nuclei SVA (taste ant. 2/3)
- and all other modalities
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Bells palsy
- Paralysis to facial muscles on ipsilateral side due to damage to the facial nerve
- The lesion is typically beyond the stylomastoid foramen
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Lesions to the motor nucleus of V or its fibers would result in
- Ipsilateral atrophy of the muscles of mastication
- Jaw will deviate toward the side of the lesion due to weakend pterygoid muscles
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CN VIII has what modalities
SSA (hearing and equilibrium)
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CN IX Glossopharyngeal nerve has what modalities
- Nucleus Ambiguus BE (stylopharyngeus)
- Inferior Salivatory GVE (parotid gland)
- Solitary Nuclei SVA (taste post. 1/3 of tongue)
- and all other modalities
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CN X has what modalities
- Dorsal motor nucleus of Vagus GVE
- Nucleus Ambiguus BE (uvula)
- Solitary Nuclei SVA (taste on epiglottis)
- and all other modalities
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Damage to the vagus nerve will cause the Uvula to move how
It will deviate to the opposite side of the lesion due to the intact muscles pulling to their side
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CN XI has what modality
BE/SVE
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CN XII has what modality
GSE (Movement of tongue)
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A lesion to the hypoglossal nerve (XII) will cause what defect
Tongue deviates toward the side of the lesion
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Which cranial nerves don't have bilateral innervation
CN XII Innervation to tongue protrusion, and another division of VII that innervates muscles of the lower face.
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What nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle
Trochlear (IV) via GSE
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What nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle
Abducens (VI) via GSE
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What nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
Accessory (XI) via SVE/BE
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What nerve innervates the hyoglossus, palatoglossus, genioglossus, styloglossus, and intrinsic muscles of the tongue
Hypoglossal (XII) via GSE
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What nerve innervates most of the muscles of the eye as well as the sphincter pupillae for constriction, and the ciliary.
Oculomotor (III) via GSE and GVE
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What nerve innervates the dilator pupillae and eye vessels
Trigeminal (V1) via GVE (sym)
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What nerve innervates sensory to the eyes
Trigeminal (V1) Via GSA
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What nerve innervates the glands of the palate, pharynx, and nose
Trigeminal (V2) via GVE
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What nerve innervates the taste of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
- Trigeminal (V3) via SVA
- Facial (VII) via SVA
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What nerve innervates the Parotid gland
Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) GVE
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What nerve innervates the stylopharyngeus muscle
Glossopharyngeal (IX) via SVE/BE
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Facial expressions are innervated by what modality and nerve
Facial (VII) via SVE/BE
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What nerve innervates taste and touch from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glossopharyngeal (IX) via GVA and SVA
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What nerve innervates almost all of the muscles of the palate, pharynx, and all of the muscles of the larynx
Vagus (X) via SVE/BE
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What nerve innervates taste from the epiglottis
Vagus (X) via SVA
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