Spinal Cord S2M1

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  1. The dorsal root of the spinal nerves has what divisions
    • Medial (large diameter)
    • Lateral (small diameter)
  2. What does the medial division of the dorsal root carry
    Touch, 2 point discrimination, proprioception, vibration, sharp pain, temperature sensations
  3. What does the lateral division of the dorsal root carry
    Chronic, aching pain, and itching sensations
  4. The receptive fields of all dorsal root ganglion make up a single
    Dermatome
  5. Conus medullaris ends where in adults and newborns
    • Adults L1
    • Newborns L3
  6. Where are the cervical and lumbar enlargements located in the spinal cord and why are they there
    • C5-T1
    • L1-S3
    • This is to accommodate the extremities that arise from these levels
  7. What is one way of immediately identifying a cross section of a thoracic spinal cord section
    The grey matter is thinner, and a intermedial cell column is present as a sharp protrusion from between the dorsal and ventral horns
  8. How are the faciculus cuneatus and gracilis seperated
    The two gracilis are separated by the posterior median sulcus, and the posterior intermediate sulcus seperates cuneatus and gracilis
  9. Intermediate grey matter and the lateral horns are found only where
    C8-L2
  10. What type of neuron cell bodies are found in the lateral horn
    Preganglionic sympathetic
  11. Sacral autonomic nuclei are found where in the spinal cord
    Intermediate zone S2-S4
  12. Clarks column (Nucleus dorsalis) sends what information where
    Unconcious proprioception to cerebellum
  13. What are the main neuron types found in the ventral horn
    Motor neurons Alpha and Gamma
  14. Alpha motor neurons supply what
    Skeletal muscles with extrafusal fibers
  15. Gamma motor neurons supply
    Muscle spindles
  16. Limb innervation is organized how in the ventral horn of the spinal cord
    • In the ventral horn, proximal muscles to distal are organized medially to lateral
    • Flexor to extensors are organized dorsal to ventral
  17. Most Upper motor neurons reach the spinal cord through what tract
    Corticospinal
  18. What are the two Corticospinal Nuclear groups in the ventral horn
    • Medial motor cell column (all levels)
    • Lateral motor cell column (C3-T2 and L1-S3 where the limbs are)
  19. Lower motor neurons are located where
    Ventral horn of the spinal cord, and the cranial nerve nuclei of the brain stem
  20. What is present in a lesion of Upper Motor Neurons (UMN)
    • Spastic paralysis
    • Muscle weakness
    • Hyper-reflexia
    • Hypertonia
    • Babinski (+)
  21. A lesion of Lower Motor Neurons (LMN) presents how
    • Flaccid paralysis
    • Hypotonicity
    • Hypotonic reflexes
    • Twitching (fasciculations)
    • Muscle atrophy
  22. What is a positive Babinski sign
    When a blunt prob is stroked on the plantar side of the patients foot (heel to toe), the toes fan out instead of flexing in to "protect".
  23. Anterograde vs Retrograde degeneration
    • Ant. degeneration distal to the injury
    • Retro. degeneration proximal to injury
  24. Why are the CNS neurons less apt to regenerate
    Inhibitory proteins that are expressed by oligodendrocytes
  25. Dorsal columns (posterior) communicate what sensations
    • Vibration
    • Proprioception
    • Light touch
    • "Vib pro light"
  26. The anterior side of the spinal cord communicates what sensations
    • Pain
    • Temp
    • Crude touch
  27. Brown-Sequard syndrome
    • Compression of half of the spinal cord resulting in ipsilateral motor and proprioception and descriminative touch
    • Contralateral loss of pain and temperature
    • SEQual half the story "continues" to other side
  28. Syringomyelia
    • A cyst in the center of the spinal cord resulting in a loss of pain/temp at or below the cyst
    • This is due to the compression of the white commisure where the nerves cross

    syRINGomyelia "making the cross section of the cord look like a ring"
  29. Friedrichs Ataxia
    • Hereditary disease with degeneration spinal cord white matter
    • Spinocerebellar tracts
    • Dorsal columns
    • Corticospinal tracts

    Fried chicken "white meat"
  30. Subacute combined degeneration
    • Commonly seen in vit B12 deficiency
    • Bilateral spastic paralysis
    • Bilateral loss of proprioception, and discriminative touch
  31. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
    • Lou Gehrigs Disease
    • Motor system disease that affects both UMN and LMN
    • Flaccid paralysis at the levels of the lesion, spastic levels below
  32. Tabes dorsalis
    • One manifestation of neurosyphilis
    • Destroys dorsal root fibers and cell bodies usually in the lumbar sacral regions
    • Sensory loss
    • Tabetic gate
    • Incontinece

Card Set Information

Author:
 lancesadams
ID:
 85534
Filename:
 Spinal Cord S2M1
Updated:
2011-08-11 13:49:39
Tags:
Ross S2M1
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Description:
Neuro
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