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acquaintance robbery
Robbery in which the victim or victims are people the robber knows.
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aggravated rape
Rape involving multiple offenders, weapons, and victim injuries.
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assault
Either attempted battery or intentionally frightening the victim by word or deed (actual touching is not involved).
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battery
Offensive touching, such as slapping, hitting, or punching a victim.
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child abuse
Any physical or emotional trauma to a child for which no reasonable explanation, such as an accident or ordinary disciplinary practices, can be found.
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child sexual abuse
The exploitation of children through rape, incest, and molestation by parents or other adults.
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consent
The victim of rape must prove that she in no way encouraged, enticed, or misled the accused rapist.
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date rape
A rape that involves people who are in some form of courting relationship.
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death squads
Covert military or paramilitary groups that carry out political assassinations.
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deliberation
Planning a criminal act after careful thought, rather than carrying it out on impulse.
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economic compulsive behavior
Violence committed by drug users to support their habit.
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eldercide
Murder of a senior citizen.
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eros
The life instinct, which drives people toward self-fulfillment and enjoyment.
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expressive violence
Acts that vent rage, anger, or frustration.
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felony murder
A killing that accompanies a felony, such as robbery or rape.
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filicide
Murder of an older child.
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first-degree murder
Killing a person after premeditation and deliberation.
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guerillas
Fighters who are usually located in rural areas and attack military, police, and government targets in an effort to unseat or replace the existing government.
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hate crimes (bias crimes)
Violent acts directed toward a particular person or members of a group merely because the targets share a discernible racial, ethnic, religious, or gender characteristic.
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infanticide
Murder of a very young child.
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instrumental violence
Acts designed to improve the financial or social position of the criminal.
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insurgents
Individuals or groups who confront the existing government for control of all or a portion of its territory, or to force political concessions in sharing political power.
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involuntary or negligent manslaughter
A killing that occurs when a person's acts are negligent and without regard for the harm they may cause others.
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manslaughter
Homicide without malice.
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marital exemption
The formerly accepted tradition that a legally married husband could not be charged with raping his wife.
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mass murder
The killing of four or more victims by one or a few assailants within a single event.
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murder
The unlawful killing of a human being with malice aforethought.
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narcissistic personality disorder
A pattern of traits and behaviors indicating infatuation and fixation with one's self to the exclusion of all others, along with the egotistic and ruthless pursuit of one's own gratification, dominance, and ambition.
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neglect
Not providing a child with the care and shelter to which he or she is entitled.
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premeditation
Considering the criminal act beforehand, which suggests that it was motivated by more than a simple desire to engage in an act of violence.
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psychopharmacological relationship
In such a relationship, violence is the direct consequence of ingesting mood-altering substances.
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rape
The carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will.
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revolutionaries
Either nationalists who struggle against a sovereign power that controls the land, or local groups that battle the existing government over issues of ideology and power.
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road rage
Violent assault by a motorist who loses control while driving.
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robbery
Taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person or persons by force or threat of force or violence and/or by putting the victim in fear.
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second-degree murder
A person's wanton disregard for the victim's life and his or her desire to inflict serious bodily harm on the victim, which results in the victim's death.
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serial killer
A person who kills three or more persons in three or more separate events.
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shield laws
Laws that protect women from being questioned about their sexual history unless such questioning directly bears on the case.
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spree killer
A killer of multiple victims whose murders occur over a relatively short span of time and often follow no discernible pattern.
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stalking
A course of conduct that is directed at a specific person and involves repeated physical or visual proximity, nonconsensual communication, or verbal, written, or implied threats sufficient to cause fear in a reasonable person.
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statutory rape
Sexual relations between an underage minor female and an adult male.
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subculture of violence
A segment of society in which violence has become legitimized by the custom and norms of that group.
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systemic link
A link between drugs and violence that occurs when drug dealers turn violent in their competition with rival gangs.
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terrorists
Individuals or groups that systematically attack or threaten violence to terrorize individuals, groups, communities, or governments into acceding to the terrorists' political demands.
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thanatos
The death instinct, which impels toward self-destruction.
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USA PATRIOT Act (USAPA)
An act that gives sweeping new powers to domestic law enforcement and international intelligence agencies in an effort to fight terrorism, to expand the definition of terrorist activities, and to alter sanctions for violent terrorism.
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virility mystique
The belief that males must separate their sexual feelings from their need for love, respect, and affection.
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voluntary or nonnegligent manslaughter
A killing committed in the heat of passion or during a sudden quarrel that provoked violence.
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workplace violence
Violence such as assault, rape, or murder committed at the workplace.
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