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What is the difference between anaerobic & aerobic respiration?
- Aerobic respiration requires oxygen to produce ATP. This produces a higher amount than anaerobic.
- Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen to produce ATP.
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Describe what happens in Transition reaction? Where does it occur?
- > Some of the pyruvic acid that was formed during glycolosis enters into the mitochondria - these contain a lot of energy in the bonds between the molecules
- > Before the Pyruvate is able to enter the krebs cycle, it must be made into Acetyl CoA (a key 2-carbon molecule) by removing the Co2 molecule (one carbon & 2 oxygens)
- > When the Co2 is removed, energy is released.
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Describe what happens in the Krebs Cycle. Where does this occur?
- > The 2-C molecule (Acetyl CoA) combines with another 4-C molecule. This produces Citric Acid, a 6-C
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The production of this Citric Acid begins the Kreb's Cycle - > This cycle produces 2 molecules of ATP. With each turn of the CA Cycle, 2 molecules of Co2 are produced, & 8 atoms of hydrogen are produced but donated to the ETC.
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Describe what happens in the Electron Transport Chain. Where does this occur?
- > Carrier molecules (FAD's, NAD's) transport the high energy electrons & the hydrogen protons from the KC to the ETC in the inner mitochondrial membrane
- > Molecules are then passed to other molecules where they lose some of their energy at each step
- > The final transfer involves the combining of electrons and H2 atoms with oxygen to form water, releasing large amounts of heat & ATP.
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Hydrogen Ions & NAD's & FAD's
Hydrogens, along with their energy are transported from the nutrients to the inner mitochondrial membrane
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Where is all the energy stored within an ATP molecule?
In the bonds between the phosphate groups
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What does the term glycolysis mean? Where does it occur?
Glycolysis is the term used to describe the pathway of converting glucose to pyruvate. It occurs in the sarcoplasm of the cell
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How much oxygen is used during glycolysis?
Glucose has 6 oxygen atoms and each of the two pyruvic acid molecules has 3 oxygen atoms. That is, glycolysis does NOT NEED oxygen.
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What are the products of glycolysis?
2 molecules of pyruvate, 2 molecules of NADH, and a net of 2 molecules of ATP.
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What molecules tend to carry electrons during cellular respiration?
NAD's carry electrons to the Electron transport chain
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What is lactic acid? Where does it build up?
- A build up of Lactate & Hydrogen ions. It builds up in the interior of the cells to make them more acidic.
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How many ATP are produced during anaerobic respiration?
2-3 molecules of ATP
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How many ATP are produced during aerobic respiration?
36-38 molecules of ATP are produced
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What part of the cell does the Kreb's cycle occur?
In the mitochondria
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