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Organs of the female reproductive organs
- Produce and maintain the female sex cells
- Transport the egg to the site of fertilization
- Provide a favorable enviroment for the developing fetus
- Produce female sex hormone
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Organs of the female reproductive system
- Primary sex organs
- Two ovaries
- Internal acessorcy sex organs
- Uterin tube,uterus, and vigina
- External accessoru organs
- Labia major labia minor clitoris and vestibular gland
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Ovaries
- Devided into inner medulla and outer cortex
- Medulla
- Loose connective tissue that ccontain blood vessels lympatic vessel and nerves
- Cortex
- Contains the ovarian follicles
- Before birth, they contain primordial folicles
- Each follicle consists of a primary oocyte surrounding follicle cell
- Primary oocytes starts cell division but does not finish until puberty
- A million oocytes remain at birth
- Only 400,000 are present at puberty
- Only about 500 are released during female reproduction
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Oogenesis
- Is the process of egg cell formation
- Beginning at puberty primary oocyte continues cell divisionyeilding a secondary oocyte and a polar body
- Secondary oocyte is the on that get fertilizex
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Maturation of the follicle
- Due to hormonal release (FSH and LH) the primordial follicle mature into primary follicle
- Primary oocyte enlarges and fills up with fluid
- The secondary oocytes forms and is surrounded by zona pellicuda (glycoprotein) attached to corna radiata (follicular cells)
- The secondary oocyte is released (ovulation)
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Uterine tubes
- also called fallopian tubes or oviducts
- Open near the ovaries
- Fimbrae are fingerlike extensions that sweep the egg from the ovaries
- Lined with ciliated columnar epithealium to move the fertilized egg toward the uterus
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Uterus
- Hollow muscilar organ
- Recieves the embryo and sustain its development
- Upper two thirds is the body lower third is called the cervix
- Has three layers
- Endometerium
- Myomertrium
- Perimetrium
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Layers of the uterus
- Endometrium
- Covered twith columnar epithelial cells
- Mymetrium
- Smooth mucle
- Perimetrium
- Serosal layer
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Hormonal control
- Estrogen and progesterone are released from the ovaries
- The release of these hormones is controlled by the anterior pituitary glandhormones LH and FSH the amount of estrogen and progesterone surges at puberty and fluctuates during female menstral cycle
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Vagina
- Fiberomuscular tube
- Receives penis
- Provide an open channel for child birth
- Has three layers
- Inner mucosal layer
- Middle smooth muscle layer
- Outer fiberous layer
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Function of estrogen
- Enlargement of the accessory organs
- Development of breasts
- Increase deposits of adipose tissue in breasts thighs, and buttocks
- Increases vascularization of the skin
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Function of progesterone
- Promotes changes in the uterus during menstrual cycle
- Affects the mammary glands
- Helps regulate the release of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary gland
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