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Endomembrane system
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name the parts of a lysome
what is the function of a lysome?
breaks down waste materials using acid hydrolase enzymes.
digests excess or worn out organelles, viruses or bacteria
what is phagocytosis?
large particle substances are taken up by a cell and carried out by some protists.
lysomes use their hydrolytic enzymes to recycle the cells own organic material. what is this process called?
autophagy
how does autophagy play out?
a damaged organelle or a small amount of cytosol gets surrounded by a double membrane and a lysosome fuses with the outer membrane of the vesicle.
the enzymes break apart the material and the organic monomers are returned to the cytosol for reuse.
what are vacuoles?
membrane bound vesicles whos functions differ depending on the type of cell
food vacuoles
formed by phagocytosis to be used by microorganisms or particles to be used as food by the cell
contractile vacuole
helps move water out of the cell
central vacole
in plants. it's roles involve reproduction, growth and development
The endomembrane system. What is it?
an extensive network of membranes within a cell.
the ER consists of a network of membranous tubules and sacs. What are they called?
Cisternae
what are the 2 types of Endoplasmic reticulum?
how do they differ?
Smooth ER and Rough ER
the rough ER has ribosomes on the outer surface of the membrane and therefore looks rough under a microscope.
The smooth Er is lacking ribosomes
what kind of tasks does the endomembrane system carry out in the cell?
the synthesis of proteins
transport of proteins into membranes and organelles
transport out of the cell
metabolism and movement of lipids
detox of poisons
what organelles make up the endomembrane system?
the nuclear envelope
the endoplasmic reticulum
the Golgi apparatus
lysosomes
different types of vacuoles
plasma membrane
what are the functions of the
smooth ER?
vary with cell type:
synthesis of lipids (incl. oils)
metabolism of carbohydrates
detox of drugs and poisons
how does detoxification work in a cell?
addition of hydroxyl groups to drugs that make them more soluble and easier to flush from the body
what are the tubules and flattened sacs called in the
ER
cisternae
what are the functions of the
rough ER?
manufactures membranes and secretory proteins
the proteins and the membranes move to the smooth ER to be transferred to other locations.
Author
Anonymous
ID
89761
Card Set
Endomembrane system
Description
smooth ER, Rough ER, lysomes, vacuoles,
Updated
6/8/2011, 5:30:33 AM
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