Signs and Symptoms of Disease States

Chest pain is experienced because of an imbalance between oxygen supply and demand.

A state of uneasiness characterized by apprehension and worrying about possible events.

Characterized by reversible small airway obstruction progressive airway inflamation and increase airway responsiveness from both endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Symptoms include wheezing, dyspnea, and coughing.

Occur when the body's immune system is unable to resist bacteria. Symptoms of a bacterial infection include a fever greater than 101^oF and an increase in white blood cells (< 1200).

An enlargement of the prostate of a male as he ages.

Depressive psychosis alternating between excessive phases of mania and depression. Mania may be characterized by exhibiting three of the following symptoms: increased need for sleep, distractability, elevated or irritable mood, excessive involvement in pleasurable activities with the potential for painful activities, grandiose ideas, increase in activity, pleasure to keep talking, and racing thoughts.

Condition in which the lungs defense mechanism have been destroyed by cigarette smoke, occupational dust, fumes, environmental pollution, or bacterial infection. Characterized by a cough that produces a purulent green or blood soaked sputum.

Condition in which the heart is unable to meet the metabolic needs of the tissues. Congestive heart failure results in the heart pumping less blood than it receives.

The result of low fiber diets-decreased colon content, increased colon pressure, and decreased propulsive motility.

A psychiatric disorder that may be caused by changes in neurotransmitters (such a s dopamine, norepinephrine, or serotonin) in the brain. Symptoms include a loss of intrest in normal activities, low self esteem, pessimism, self pity, weight loss or gain, insomnia, loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness, feelings of guilt, or recurring thoughts of death or suicide.

Gestational Diabetes

Type 1 Diabetes

Type 2 Diabetes (adult onset)

Secondary Diabetes

Occurs during the second and third trimester of pregnancy. Can be treated with exercise, diet, and insulin.

An individual's body is unable to produce insulin, and therefore he or she becomes insulin-dependent.

Condition that occurs in individuals who have an impaired insulin secretion and are often insulin-resistant. Treatment includesd weight reduction through diet and exercise.

Diabetes with onset caused by taking various medications, such as oral contraceptives, beta-blockers, diuretics, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, glucocorticoids, and phenytoin.

Ulcers caused by medication such as asprin, antiinflammatory agents, corticosteroids, potassium chloride, methotrexate, and iron.

The destruction of alveoli, walls, or air sacs of the lungs, resulting in an obstruction of the airflow on expiration. May be caused by cigarette smoke, air pollution, occupational exposure, or genetic factors.

Abnormal electrical discharges in the cerebral cortex that may result in recurring, paraoxysmal seizures.

Infections caused by single-cell organisms that do not have chlorophyll, possess a cell wall, and reproduce by spores. Develop in individuals whose immune system has been compromised by disease, drug therapy, or poor nutrition.

Infections caused by single-cell organisms that do not have chlorophyll, possess a cell wall, and reproduce by spores. Develop in individuals whose immune system has been compromised by disease, drug therapy, or poor nutrition.

Characterized by radiating burning or chest pain and the presence of an acid taste.

An elevation of one or more lipoprotein levels. May be genetically determined.

Systolic pressure (cardiac output) greater than 140 mm Hg and diastolic pressure (total peripheral resisstance) greater than 90 mm HG. Disease does not have symptoms.

An excessive secretion of thyroid hormone characterized by decreased menses, diarrhea, expthamos, flushing of the skin, heat intolerance, nervousness, perspiration, tachycardia, and possible weight loss.

A deficiency of thyroid hormone being secreted by the body, which may be attributed to an iodine deficiciency, inflammation of th thyroid gladn, or autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland. Symptoms may include apathy; constipation; decreased heart rate; dry skin; nails, or scalp; fatigue; enlarged thyroid; lowered voice pitch; myxedema; puffy face; reduced mental acuity; swelling of the eyelids; enlarged and thickedned tongue; and possible weight gain.

Characterized by the inability to sleep or remain asleep, which may be caused by situations, medications, or psychiatric or medical conditions.

Mood of extreme excitement, excessive elation, hyperactivity, agitation, and increased psychomotor activity.

Condition in which the heart muscle is deprived of oxygen because of a reduced oxygen supply, and muscle cells die. Myocardial infarction (MI) may be caused by angina, excessive alcohol consumption, dyspnea on exertion, reduced pulmonary vital capacity, cigarette smoking, or atherosclerosis. Symptoms are described as burning tightness or squeexing of the chest, choking, and substernal pain radiating to the neck, throat, jaw, shoulders, and arms.

Condition in which an individual's total body weight consists of greater fat than is considered normal. For males, obesity is body weight 25% above the ideal body weight; for females, it is 35%.

Intense anxiety characterized by a sense of fear, apprehension, or a premonition of serious illness or a life-threatening attack.

Chronic psychotic disorder characterized by a retreat from reality, delusions, hallucinations, ambivalence, withdrawal, or regressive behavior.

An interruption of the oxygen supply to a specific area of the brain caused by a rupture or obstruction (clot) of the blood vessel, resulting in a loss of consciousness. Complications may include retinopathy, neuropathy, vascular problems, or kidney damage.

A disease affecting the lungs, caused by Myocobacterium tuberculosis and spread by leukocytes and the lymph in the body. Tuberculosis is spread by respiratory droplets inhaled into the lungs of a person.

Disorders of th eupper GI tract caused by excessive acid secretion. Ullcers may be categorize as gastric ulcers, whic are local excavations of the gastric mucosa occurring more often in men from the Western hemisphere . Duodenal ulcers occur in the duodenum of the intestine and are usually caused by hypersecretion of acid. Stress ulcers decelop from the breakdown of the natural mucosal resistance from sever physiologic stress caused by an illness.

Presence of bacteria in the urinary tract with localized symptoms. Symptoms include blood in the urine, fever, and burning sensation.

Disease caused by agents smaller than bacteria, whic are normally spread by direct contact, ingestion of contaminated food and water, or inhalation of airborne particles. May be acute, chronic, or slow in nature, and the infection may be local or generalized. Symptoms are more severe than in bacterial infection sand include malaise, myalgia, headaches, chills, or fever.