To maintain a background steady state, and to provide a little extra after a meal while the long lasting insulin is still in the body giving a small steady release
Why is insulin mixed with Zinc or Protamine
This creates a delayed absorption
What type 2 diabetes drug uses adipose tissue as the primary site of action, but also works on muscle and liver
Rosiglitazone
What diabetes drug activates insulin responsive genes that regulate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism
Rosiglitazone
"Hits the gene zone in fat"
Rosiglitazone
Type 2 diabetes
Thiazoladinedinones "Insulin sensitizer"
Selective agonist of PPAR gamma (RXR receptors)
Activation of insulin-responsive genes
What type 2 diabetes drug has the liver as the primary site of action
Metformin (Biguanide)
"Big Mets fans have bad livers"
What are the insulin secretagogues
Glyburide
Exenatide
"Ride the Tide, make do with what you've got"
Metformin
Biguanide class (anti-hyperglycemic)
Activation of AMPPK
Decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis
Glyburide
Sulfonylurea class
Binds SUR1 K+ channel on beta cells inactivating it
similar to what the cell does in the fed state
What diabetes drug slows gastric emptying and decreases appetite
Exenatide
Exenatide
Incretin mimic
GLP-1 agonist
Suppresses Glucagon secretion
Administered parenteraly
Acarbose
alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
Inhibits the breakdown of starch and oligosaccharides to monosachharides by inhibiting alpha-glucosidase
"Stops carb breakdown"
What diabetes drug slows absorption of carbohydrates and blunts the rise of glucose following a meal