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Would the mussel’s respiratory system work on land? Why?
No, gills need water for gas exchange.
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How many pyloric caeca or gonads does the starfish have?
10
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How does the starfish protect itself?
Hard spines extending from its endoskeleton
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in the earthworm, the crop and gizzard are a part of which functional system?
Digestive
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What are the four organs that make the earthworm hermaphroditic?
Testes, ovaries, seminal vesicles, seminal receptacle
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The crayfish uses its chelipeds for _____.
Catching prey & protection
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Why is the crayfish classified in the phylum Arthropoda?
Segmented body & jointed appendages
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In a fish what is the function of the air bladder?
Helps them float
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The fish’s heart has two chambers- the ventricle and theatrium. Which is more muscular and why?
The ventricle is larger because it must pump blood throughout the fish.
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In a frog, where does its tongue attach and why is this advantageous?
Is attached to the front of its jaw, allows the frog to extend its tongue a long way.
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What function does the webbing between frogs toes serve?
Aids in swimming
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What are the seven biological functions and describe their role or what they do.
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List and describe the two types of body symmetry in the animal kingdom.
- Radial: any plane through the central axis divides the object into roughly equal halves.
- Bilateral: a single plane through the central axis divides the object into roughly equal halves.
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Mussels/clams are called filter feeders because they filter food out of the water. What is the primary advantage and disadvantage of this method of feeding?
Filter feeders can feed without moving, saving energy. However, they cannot be as selective about what they ingest and may be more likely to take in toxins
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For locomotion, the earthworm has two types of muscles-- circular and longitududinal. Explain how these muscles aid in the earthworm's locomotion.
the circular muscles squeeze the longitudinal muscles. elongating them. the longitudinal muscles then contract to shorten the worm. this elongation/contraction enable the worm to move.
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Wxplain the difference between an open and closed circilatory system.
A closed circulatory system is one where blood never leaves the network of arteries, veins and capillaries. In a open circulatory system does leave the blood vessels.
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what are endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm?
Endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm are the three tissue layers in animals. Ectoderm becomes the body covering mesoderm become muscle and bone, and endoderm becomes digestivr tract.
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Which phyla are acoelomate? What are pseudocoelomate? Which are coelomate?
Flatworms, cnidarians and sponges are acoelomate, nematodes are pseudocoelomate and the other phyla we studied are coelomate.
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What phylum is most closely related to mollusks? to Arthropoda?
Annelida for both
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Compare and contrast the reproductive systems of the earthworm and the mussel.
- Similarities: in both the male organs produce sperm and female organs produce eggs. In both the sperm is transferred into the female organ or organisms.
- Differences: the earthworm is hermaphroditic and the mussel has seperate sexes. The mussel has a marsupium for the development of the eggs, while the earthworm has seminal receptacles to hold the sperm until fertilization. The testes and ovaries of the earthworm are too small to see, but the gonads of the mussel are visible
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