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Myoglobin
Oxygen storing protein that only has one protein subunit (hemoglobin has 4)
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Motor unit
A neuron and the muscle fibers that innervate it
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Smooth muscle
involuntary, innervated by the autonomic nervous system, Contain ONE nucleus, intermediate filaments, and thick and thin filaments (but are not organized into sarcomeres)
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Epidermis
Avascular (no blood vessels)
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Myofibril
Many sarcomeres positioned end to end
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Thin filament
made of the protein actin
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T- tubules
create a uniform muscle contraction allowing the action potential to spread through the muscle cell more rapidly
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Integulmentary system
SKin, hair, nails, glands, and some nerve endings
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Muscle contraction four possible functions
- 1. Body mov't
- 2. Stabilization of body position
- 3. Mov't of substances through the body
- 4. Generating heat to maintain body temperature
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Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Specialized endoplasmic reticulum that surrounds the muscle cell
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Intercalated disc
Contain gap junction which allow action potential to spread from one cardiac cell to the next via electrical synapses
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Bone
Living tissue that functions to support soft tissue, protect internal organs, assist in body mov't, mineral storage, blood cell production, and energy storage.
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Osteoblast
Bone-forming cell
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Tendon
Connects muscle to bone
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Dense bodies
Small regions of increased density in the sarcoplasm of skeletal muscles to which myofilaments seem to attach
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Sarcomere
The smallest functional unit of skeletal muscle; composed of protein thick and thin filaments
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Red bone marrow
Red blood cell development; spongy bone
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intermediate filaments
Upon contraction pulls dense bodies together
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Hypertrophy
Increase in muscle cell diameter and change in muscle conformation
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Synergistic muscles
Assist the agonist by stabilizing the origin bone or by positioning the insertion bone during the mov't
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Dermis
Vascular connective tissue
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Skin
An organ that functions in thermoregulation, protection, env'tal sensory input, excretion, immunity, blood reservoir, and vitamin D synthesis
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Yellow bone marrow
Contains adipose cells for fat storage; surrounded by compact bone
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Sarcolemma
Modified membrane that wraps several myofibrils together to form a muscle cell or muscle fiber
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Ligament
Connects bone to bone
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Thick filament
Made of the protein myosin
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Cartilage
Flexible, resilient, connective tissue
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Osteoclast
Absorption of bone, as in the formation of canals
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Cardiac muscle
Striated (composed of sarcomeres), contains only ONE nucleus, and is separated from its neighbor by intercalated disc; involuntary, larger and more numerous mitochondria
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Three types of muscle tissue
1. Skeletal muscle
2. Cardiac muscle
3. Smooth muscle
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