Chapter 4 The Muscular System

Moves away from the midline.

Inflammation of the Achilles tendon caused by excessive stress being placed on the tendon.

Moves toward the midline.

The study of muscular activity and the resulting movement of the parts.

The circular movement of a limb at the far end.

ex. swinging motion of the far end of the arm when throwing a ball.

Is the act of rotating the arm or the leg so that the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot is turned forward or upward.

The act of rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downward or backward.

Bends the foot upward at the ankle.

Means straight.

Means slanted or at an angle.

A ringlike muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway.

Inflammation of the fascia.

Pain in the tendon.

An inflammation of the tendons caused by excessive or unusual use of the joint.

A band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally.

Muscle tenderness or pain.

The degeneration (breaking down) of muscle tissue.

Inflammation of a muscle tissue, especially skeletal muscles.

A chronic, progressive disease affecting the skeletal muscles that is characterized by muscle weakness and atrophy.

Abnormal softening of muscle tissue.

The rupture of a muscle.

The protrusion of a muscle through its ruptured sheath or fascia.

The lack of normal nuscle tone.

A condition of abnormal muscle tone.

A condition of excessive tone of the skeletal muscles with an increased resistance of muscle to passive stretching.

A condition of diminished tone of the skeletal muscles with decreased resistance of muscle to passive streching.

The delayed relaxation of a muscle after a strong contraction.

An inability to coordinate the muscles in the execution of voluntary movement.

Difficulty in controlling voluntary movement.

An abnormal shortening of a muscle tissues, making the muscle resistant to streching.

A stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side.

Extreme slowness in movement.

Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement as in a tic or spasm.

Abnormally increased motor function or activity.

Abnormally decreased motor function or activity.

The late appearance of dyskinesia as a side effect of long-term treatment with certaing antipsychotic drugs.

A spasm or twitching of a muscle or group of muscles.

myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm.

Muscle weakness from any cause.

A chronic autoimmune disease in which there is an abnormality in the neuromuscular function causing episodes of muscle weakness.

A group of inherited muscle disorders that cause muscle weakness without affecting the nervous system.

Appears from two to six years of age and progresses slowly.

A less severe illness and does not appear until early adolescence or adulthood.

A chronic disorder of unknown cause, characterized by widespread aching pain, tender points, and fatigue.

The study of human factors taht affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment.

Can be caused by overworking the muscles, results in ternderness and swelling of the muscles and their surrounding tissues.

Occurs when the tendons become inflamed and get caught in the narrow space between the bones within the sholder joint.

Occurs when the tendons passing through the carpal tunnel are chronically overused and become inflamed and swollen.

Nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region.

Inflammaton of the tissues surronding the elbow.

A weakness or slight paralysis of a muscle.

Slight paralysis of one side of the body.

The paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body.

The paralysis of all four extremities.

The total paralysis of one side of the body.

Paralysis of the muscles of the heart.

Records the strength of muscle contractions as the result of electrical stimulation.

A procedure for testing and recording neuromuscular activity by the electric stimulation of the nerve trunk that carries fibers to and from the muscle.

An antispasmodic that may be administered preoperatively to relax smooth muscles.

A surgical incision of the fascia.

The surgical repair of a fascia.

The surgical removal of a lesion from a tendon or tendon sheath.

To suture the end of a tendon to bone.

To free a tendon from adhesions.

The surgical removal of part of a tendon for the purpose of shortening it.

The surgical division of a tendon for relief of a deformity caused by the abnormal shortening of a muscle such as strabimus (crossed eyes).

The surgical repair of a tendon.

The suturing of a divided tendon.

The surgical removal of a portion of a muscle.

The surgical repair of a muscle.

To suture a muscle wound.

weakness and wasting away.

Acts to control spasmodic activity of the smooth muscles such as those of the intestine.

Means two

Means head

Means three

fascia

The sheet or band of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscle.

Means tendon

Means muscle

Means rupture

Means coordination

Means condition

Means tone

Means movement

Means tissue

Means half

Means paralysis

Means to set free

Means surgical repair

Means surgical removal

Means to bind or tie together

Means to suture

Means pertaining to

Means hernia, tumor, swelling