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lesion
an area of pathologically altered tissue
- Two types:
- - primary
- - secondary
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primary lesions
lesions arising from previousl normal skin
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macule (macula)
a flat, discolored spot on the skin up to 1 cm across
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patch
a flat, discolored area on the skin larger than 1 cm
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papule
a solid mass on the skin up to 0.5 cm in diameter
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plaque
a solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter, limited to the surface of the skin
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nodule
a solid mass greater than 1 cm, which extends deeper into the epidermis
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tumor
a solid mass larger than 1-2 cm
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wheal
an area of localized skin edema (swelling)
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vesicle
little bladder; an elevated, fluid-filled sac (blister) within or under epidermis up to 0.5 cm in diameter
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bulla
a blister larger than 0.5 cm
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secondary lesions
lesions that result in changes in primary lesions
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erosion
to gnaw away; loss of superficial epidermis leaving an area of moisture but no bleeding
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ulcer
an open sore on the skin or mucous membrane that can bleed and scar and is sometimes accompanied by infection
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excoriation
a scratch mark
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fissure
a linear crack in the skin
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scale
a thin flake of exfoliated epidermis
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crust
dried residue of serum (body liquid), pud, or blood on the skin
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cicatrix of the skin
a mark left by the healing of a sore or wound showing the replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue
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keloid
an abnormal overgrowth of scar tissue that is thick and irregular
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vascular lesions
- lesions of a blood vessel
- Includes:
- - cherry angioma
- - telangiectasia
- - spider angioma
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cherry angioma
a small, round, bright-red blood vessel tumor on the skin, often on the trunk of the elderly
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telangiectasia
a tiny, red blood vessel lesion formed by the dilation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole, most commonly seems on the face, neck or chest
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spider angioma
a tiny, red blood vessel lesion formed by the dilation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole, most commonly seems on the face, neck or chest
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purpuric lesions
purpura; lesions as a result of hemorrhages into the skin
- Includes:
- - petechia
- - ecchymosis
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petechia
spot; a reddish-brown, minute hemorrhagic spot on the skin that indicates a bleeding tendency
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ecchymosis
bruise; a black and blue mark
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epidermal tumors
skin tumors arising from the epidermis
- Includes:
- - nevus
- - dysplastic nevus
- - verruca
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nevus
a congenital malformation on the skin that can be epidermal or vascular, aka mole
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dysplastic nevus
a mole with precancerous changes
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verruca
an epidermal tumor caused by a papilloma virus, aka wart
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