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nmgray44
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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allele
one member of a pair or series of genes that occupy a specific position on a specific chromosome
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amniocentesis
procedure in which a small amount of amniotic fluid is drawn out of the uterus through a needle inserted into the abdomen
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anomaly
deviation or departure from the normal or common order
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autosomes
a chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
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expression
biochemical processes that determine which genes are actively transcribed and translated into mRNA and proteins in a cell and under what conditions
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gene penetration
frequency of expression of the gene amoung individuals carrying the gene
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genotype
total of the hereditary information present in an organism
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heterozygous
two different genes controlling a specified inherited trait
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homozygous
identical genes controlling a specified inherited trait
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incomplete dominant
intermediate inheritance in which one allele for one specific trait is not completely dominant ove the other allele
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karyotype
a visual demonstration of the pairs of cell chromostomes arranged in order of size
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meiosis
a process of two successive cell divisions, producing cells, egg or sperm, that contain half the number of chromosomes in somatic cells
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mitosis
a process of cell reproduction resulting in two daughter cells with the same DNA as the parent cell
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mutation
a change in the genetic makeup of a cell, which will be inherited
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organogenesis
the formation and differentiation organs and systems during embryonic development
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phenotype
the characteristics manifested by a person depending on genetic and environmental factors
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polygenic
pertaining to or caused by several genes
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teratogen
a substance or condition that impairs normal development of the embryo or fetus in the utero, causing a congenital abnormality
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trisomy
having three homologous chromosomes per cell instead of two
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