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Class
Benzodiazepine, Tranquilizer, Anticonvulsant, Sedative, Hypnotic
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Description
Diazepam is a benzodiazepine that is frequently used as a sedative, hypnotic, and anticonvulsant.
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Mechanism of Action
Benzodiazepines bind to specific sites on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) Type A receptors within the brain. GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system. Increased GABA levels cause sedation
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Onset of Action
Onset: IV: 1-5 min IM: 15-30 min Peak: IV: 10 min IM: 30-45 min Duration: IV: 15-60 min IM: 15-60 min Half-Life: IV: 20-50 hours IM: 20-50 hours
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Indications
Major motor seizures, Status epilepticus, Premedication before cardioversion, skeletal muscle relaxant, and acute anxiety relaxant.
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Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to the drug,
- Hypotension
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Precautions
Can cause local venous irritation, has short duration of effect, incompatible with other drugs when mixed.
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Side Effects
Amnesia, apnea, blurred vision, drowsiness, hallucinations, tachycardia, headache, hypotension, nausea, respiratory depression, vomiting
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Pedi-Dose
Status epilepticus 0.1-0.2mg/kg
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Max Dose
Administer as needed
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Routes of Administration
IV no faster than 1ml/min, IM
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