Anatomy: chapter 24

  1. Name the aspect of respiration:

    providing fresh air to the alveoli
    ventilation
  2. Name the aspect of respiration:

    gas exchange between alveoli and blood
    external respiration
  3. Name the aspect of respiration:

    gas exchange between blood and tissue fluid
    internal respiration
  4. Name the aspect of respiration:

    oxygen utilization in cell
    cellular respiration
  5. list the two primary, functional portions of the respiratory tract and their components.
    conducting portion: nasal cavity to bronchioles

    respiratory portion: respiratory brachioles and alveoli
  6. List the upper respiratory tract.
    nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx
  7. List the lower respiratory tract:
    larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
  8. Aside from carrying air, what is the function of the upper respiratory tract?
    • Gas conditioning
    • -filter
    • -warm
    • -humidify
  9. 4 basic tissues in our respiratory tract.

    vestibulte, external nares
    keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
  10. 4 basic tissues in our respiratory tract.

    oro and laryngopharynx, top of larynx
    non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
  11. 4 basic tissues in our respiratory tract.

    Nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, inferior larynx, trachea, bronchi, and large bronchioles
    cilated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
  12. 4 basic tissues in our respiratory tract.

    alveoli
    simple squamous epithelium
  13. What is the technical term for our nostrils?
    external nares
  14. What do we call the nostrils like area where air passes from our nasal cavity into our throat?
    internal nares
  15. WHat is the technical term for the area behind our oral and sal cavities?
    pharynx
  16. above the soft plate
    nasal pharynx
  17. between soft palate and base of tongue/hyoid bone
    oropharynx
  18. between the hyoid bone and the opening to the esophagus
    laryngopharynx
  19. What is the technical term for the voice box?
    larynx
  20. large, superior, anterior only, adam's apple
    thyroid cartilage
  21. smaller, inferior, complete ring
    cricoid cartilage
  22. What structure occurs between the two cartilages?
    cricothyroid ligament/membrane
  23. What spoon shaped structure that protrudes superior to the voice box folds over the opening between the vocal chords during swallowing?
    epiglottis
  24. What do we call the opening between the vocal chords?
    glottis
  25. Two sets of folds occur in the voice box.
    name them.

    1. elastic, medial, sound producing folds.
    2. inelastic, lateral, don't produce sounds
    • 1. vocal folds
    • 2. vestibular folds
  26. What is the technical term for the windpipe?
    trochea
  27. What structures keep the windpipe open?
    • C-shaped cartilage rings.
    • allow esophagus to distend
  28. Into what two tubes does the windpipe bifurcate?
    primary branchi
  29. In which bronchus are foreign objects more likely to lodge?
    why?
    • right
    • -wider, steeper descent
  30. List the names of the lobes in the lungs.
    • right- superior, middle, inferior
    • left - superior, inferior
  31. The heart crowds one lung. Which lung is it and what do we call the resulting features?
    • - left
    • - cardiac impression
    • - cardiac notch
  32. What surface of the lungs follows the contours of the rib cage?
    costal surface
  33. What surface of the lung faces medially?
    mediastinal surface
  34. What do we call the groove, or concavity, that provides an entry point for bronchi, pulmonary vessels, and nerves?
    hilum
  35. What do we call the entire complex of structures that enter the lung at this locations as well as the connective tissue that binds and stabilizes them?
    root
  36. How do terminal bronchioles differ from bronchi?
    • lack cartilage
    • dominated by smooth muscle
  37. The alveoli contain two primary cell types. Provide the function of each.
    • Pneumocyte type I : diffusion
    • Pneumoyte type II: secrete surfactant
Author
gweenbott
ID
94310
Card Set
Anatomy: chapter 24
Description
The respiratory system
Updated