Parenteral Solutions

Parenteral solution that contains electrolytes in proportions similar to those in plasma; also contains bicarbonate or acetate ion

Surface area of the body determined through use of a nomogram

Calculation of metabolic expenditure of energy, used in pediatric fluid maintenance and replacement

The breakdown of chemical compounds by the body; an energy-producing metabolic process

A substance (e.g., blood, plasma, albumin, dextran) that does not dissolve into a true solution and is not capable of passing through a semipermeable membrane

A substance that forms a true solution and is capable of passing through a semipermeable membrane (e.g., lactated Ringer's solution, isotonic saline)

A deficit of body water; can involve one fluid compartment or all three

A solution of water, carbohydrate, sodium, and chloride used to determine adequacy of renal function

A solution with an osmolarity higher than that of plasma, above 375 mOsm

A solution with an osmolarity lower than that of plasma, usually below 250 mOsm

A solution with the same osmolarity as plasma, usually 250-375 mOsm

Fluids that provide all nutrients necessary to meet daily patient requirements, usually water, glucose, sodium, and potassium

Formula using a nomogram to determine surface areas of a pediatric client for maintenance of fluid needs

Solution of salt (0.9% sodium chloride)

The osmotic pressure exerted by colloids (proteins), as when albumin exerts oncotic pressure within the blood vessels and helps to hold the water content of the blood in the intravascular compartment

Introduction of substances other than through the gastrointestinal tract; particularly to the introduction of substances into an organism by intravenous route, or subcutaneous, intramuscluar, or intramedullary injection

A high molecular weight compound in a solution suitable for intravenous use

Replenishment of losses when maintenance cannot be met and when patient is in a deficit state

Reconstruction of fluid and electrolyte needs on a continuing basis until homeostasis returns

Formula based on weight in kilograms to estimate the fluid needs of the pediatric client