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What is the most common symptom of aortic dissection?
INTRASCAPULAR BACK PAIN
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What is the most common side effect of esmolol, labetalol, and bretylium?
HYPOTENSION
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What side effect is expected with too rapid an infusion of procainamide?
HYPOTENSION
Others: Myocardial depression, QRS/QT prolongation, V-fib, Torasades
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Adverse affects of lidocaine?
- -Vertigo
- -Confusion
- -Ataxia
- -Tinnitus
- -Muscle twitching
- -Respiratory depression
- -Psychosis
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Whath are the 3 stages of CXR findings in CHF?
1. PAWP 12-18 mmHg: Blood flow increases in upper lung fields (cephalization of pulm. vessels)
2. PAWP 18-25 mmHg: Interstitial edema with blurred edges of blood vessels and Kerley A and B lines
3. PAWP >25 mmHg: Fluid exudes into alveoli with generation of the classic butterfly pattern of perihilar infiltrates.
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Do nitrates affect predominantly preload of afteload?
PRELOAD
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Does hydralazine affect preload or afterload?
AFTERLOAD
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Do prazosin, captopril, nifedipine affect predominantly preload or afterload?
AFTERLOAD
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When is dobutamine used in CHF?
When heart failure is NOT accompanied by severe hypotension (NO SHOCK)
Potent inotrope wiht some vasodilation activity.
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When in dopamine used in CHF?
If SHOCK is present.
Positive inotrope and VASOCONSTRICTOR.
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Causes of MAT?
-COPD--common
- -CHF
- -Sepsis
- -Methylxanthine toxicity
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How do you treat MAT?
-Treat the underlying disorder.
-Magnesium, verapamil, and beta-adrenergic agents and thought to be helpful
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