Which of the following is NOT part
of the lower respiratory system?
E.
All of the following are normal microbiota of the upper respiratory system EXCEPT:
A.
The designation “group A”, used to help classify Streptococcus pyogenes,
refers to this bacterium’s
C.
Which of the following allow group A streptococci to spread through tissues by breaking down blood clots?
D.
Which of the following is/are associated with some cases of streptococcal pharyngitis?
E.
Which of the following S. pyogenes virulence factors decreases leukocyte activity and movement into an infected area?
a. streptolysins
b. pyrogenic
toxins
c. streptokinases
d. the hyaluronic acid capsule
e. C5a peptidase
e.
Pathogenic streptococci of the upper respiratory tract (such as S. pyogenes) exhibit which of the following types of hemolysis
B.
What is the primary determinant of virulence in Streptococcus pneumoniae?
a. the presence of a particular
Lancefield antigen
b. the production of pneumolysin
c. the presence of a polysaccharide
capsule
d. the ability to lyse red blood
cells
e. strain-specific teichoic acids in
its cell wall
c.
V shapes and palisade arrangements are associated with which of the following?
E.
All of the following are true statements concerning diphtheria EXCEPT:
a. it is uncommon in industrialized nations
b. a diffuse rash is the major sign
of diphtheria
c. the signs and symptoms of the
disease are directly caused by a bacterial toxin
d. it can be treated with penicillin
e. a conclusive diagnosis is made
with an Elek test
b.
Diphtheria toxin kills cells by interfering with which of the following processes?
E.
All of the following statements are true concerning the common cold EXCEPT:
a. viruses in the genus Rhinovirus are one cause of the common cold
b. It is confined to the upper
respiratory tract
c. cold viruses reproduce most
effectively at 370C
d. cold viruses remain viable for
hours outside the body
e. colds are rarely transmitted by
explosive sneezes
c.
Which of the following is extremely fastidious in its nutrient requirements, which include iron salts and cysteine?
E.
All of the following are true statements concerning tuberculosis EXCEPT:
a. it occurs only in the lungs
b. only about 10 cells are required
for infection
c. It remains viable in dried
aerosol droplets for up to 8 months
d. virulent strains of M. tuberculosis produce cord factor
e. Ghon complexes are produced when
the immune system eliminates the infection
a.
Bordetella pertussis causes whooping cough by
a. interfering with the activity of
ciliated epithelial cells in the trachea
b. the development of pneumonia
c. suppressing mucous production
d. forming a pseudomembrane that
obstructs the respiratory passages
e. irritating the diaphragm which
leads to sever coughing attacks
a.
All of the following are toxins produced by Bordetella pertussis EXCEPT:
A.
The DTaP vaccine protects against which of the following?
A.
All of the following are true statements concerning inhalational anthrax EXCEPT:
a. it is the most severe form of
anthrax
b. it is transmitted by endospores
c. a variety of drugs can be used to
treat anthrax
d. it can be spread from person to
person
e. an effective vaccine is available
d.
The typical signs and symptoms of flu are a result of
a. cytokines released as part of the
immune response
b. the release of viral toxins
c. syncytium formation
d. secondary bacterial infections
e. the death of cells outside the
lungs
a.
Coronaviruses cause
B.
Croup is often a result of infection with which of the following?
E.
Mycobacteria are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:
because of cord factor production
d. resistance to lysis after
phagocytosis
e. presence of mycolic acid in the
cell wall
