Diuretics.txt

Potent diuretics that act along the ascending limb of the loop of Henle; furosemide is an example

Abbreviation for the term that describes an index of how well the kidneys are functioning as filters

A general term for drugs that accelerate the rate of urine formation

The main structural unit of the kidney

A term for diuretics that cause the body to lose potassium

Diuretics that result in the diuresis of sodium and water and the retention of potassium; spironolactone is an example

Diuretics that act on the distal convoluted tubule, where they inhibit sodium and water resorption; HCTZ is an example

Abbreviation for a class of diuretics that inhibit the enzyme carbonic anhydrase; acetazolamide is an example

Drugs that induce diuresis by increasing the osmotic pressure of the glomerular filtrate, which results in a rapid diuresis; mannitol is an example

An abnormal intraperitoneal accumulation of fluid

Which of the following are indications for the use of diuretics? Select all that apply.
a. to increase urine output
b. to reduce uric acid levels
c. to treat hypertension
d. to treat open-angle glaucoma
e. to treat edema associated with heart failure

When providing patient teaching to a patient who is taking a potassium-sparing diuretic such as spironolactone (Aldactone), the nurse should include which dietary guidelines?
A. The patient should avoid foods high in potassium
B. The patient should consume foods high in potassium, such as bananas and orange juice
C. The patient should drink 1 to 2 L of fluid per day
D. There are no dietary restrictions with this medication

When teaching a patient about diuretic therapy, the nurse notes that which of the following is the best time of day to take these medications?
A. Morning
B. Midday
C. Bedtime
D. Time of day does not matter

When monitoring a patient for hypokalemia related to diuretic use, the nurse looks for which possible symptoms?
A. Orthostatic hypotension
B. Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia
C. Diarrhea and abdominal pain
D. Muscle weakness and lethargy

A patient with severe heart failure has been started on therapy with a CAI, but the nurse mentions that this medication may be stopped in a few days. Which of the following is the reason for this short treatment?
A. CAIs lose their diuretic effect in 2 to 4 days because metabolic acidosis develops
B. Allergic reactions to the CAIs are common
C. CAIs are not the first choice for treatment of heart failure
D. It is expected that the CAIs will dramatically reduce the fluid overload related to the heart failure